涉法信访的制度困境与转型

发布时间：2018-05-23 22:55

本文选题：涉法信访 + 法治化　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：涉法信访不仅涉及公民基本权利、司法机关权威形象，而且涉及整个社会和谐稳定。由于传统思想文化的影响，加之近年来我国改革开放不断深入、不断推进所带来的社会结构新变化、利益主体多样化、利益诉求多元化、利益关系复杂化，使得各种利益矛盾、利益冲突更加凸显，涉法信访也越来越成为社会各界关注的重点。在全国上下加强和创新社会管理的历史背景下，研究和解决涉法信访问题对于更好化解社会矛盾，更好维护和谐稳定的社会环境，更好促进法院工作科学发展，有着十分重大的理论和现实意义。涉法信访是因对人民法院处理的诉讼案件不满而引起的信访。它是我国信访制度的一个重要组成部分，承担了信访制度的基本功能，涉法信访以法院为主要受访机构，依照统一的信访法律和相关政策，处理公民针对法院的审判与执行案件的行为或结果的来信与来访问题。涉法信访从其诞生之日就担负着申诉冤屈、表达意愿、解决纠纷的使命。当前，法院在涉法信访案件的解决过程中陷入了身不由己的困境，“截访”、“花钱买平安”等处理方式，导致对信访人权利的无视，不平等对待的负面影响不断扩大，非规范化的涉法信访遇到了严峻的挑战。本文主要从四个层次来分析和阐述涉法信访制度的困境与转型。第一部分，介绍了涉诉信访的研究背景、研究意义，，提出了本文的基本思路和主要内容。第二部分，涉法信访困境与成因。涉法信访的困境是由于中国的经济、政治、文化、法律等诸多现状引发的。主要的原因是政法机关自身的因素，审判机制的自身因素，当事人的因素。第三部分，涉法信访问题的法律思考。主要阐述涉法信访的法律性质、主要表现形式及可能触及的法律问题，涉法信访权利分析，合法性及积极方面，违法性及负面性，法理分析，法的价值评价，主要是利益诉求表达自由，公平正义，负面性。第四部分，涉法信访的转型。解决涉法信访问题是一项庞大的系统工程，既要立足于当前，把涉法信访的数量控制在最低限度内，又要着眼于长远，依法规范和引导它的合理运行，既要立足局部，又要着眼全局，谋划和推进涉法信访工作。
[Abstract]:The petition involves not only the basic rights of citizens and the image of the authority of the judiciary, but also the harmony and stability of the whole society. As a result of the influence of traditional ideology and culture and the deepening of reform and opening up in recent years, the new changes in social structure, the diversification of interest subjects, the diversification of interest demands and the complication of interest relations have brought about various conflicts of interest. Conflict of interest is more prominent, the law-related letters and visits have increasingly become the focus of attention from all walks of life. Under the historical background of strengthening and innovating social management throughout the country, studying and resolving the problems of petition and petition involving law will better resolve social contradictions, better maintain a harmonious and stable social environment, and better promote the scientific development of court work. It is of great theoretical and practical significance. The petition is caused by dissatisfaction with litigation cases handled by the people's court. It is an important part of the petition system in our country and has assumed the basic functions of the petition system. The courts are the main organs of the petition system, and in accordance with the unified petition and petition laws and related policies, Handling letters and visits by citizens concerning the conduct or outcome of court trials and enforcement. From the day of its birth, the petition has been charged with the mission of grievance, expression of will and settlement of disputes. At present, the court has been caught in a dilemma in the process of resolving the petition cases involving law. The methods of "intercepting visits" and "spending money to buy peace" have led to disregard of the rights of petitioners and the negative impact of unequal treatment is constantly expanding. The non-standard law-related letters and visits have met with severe challenges. This article mainly from four levels to analyze and explain the plight and transformation of the petition system. The first part introduces the background and significance of the research, and puts forward the basic ideas and main contents of this paper. The second part, the difficulties and causes of the petition. The predicament of petition is caused by China's economy, politics, culture, law and so on. The main reasons are the factors of the political and legal organs, the trial mechanism and the parties. The third part, the legal thinking on the issue of petition. It mainly expounds the legal nature, the main forms and possible legal problems, the analysis of the right to petition, the legality and the positive aspects, the illegality and the negativity, the legal theory analysis and the value evaluation of the law. The main interest demand freedom of expression, fairness and justice, negative. The fourth part, the law-related letters and visits of the transformation. It is a huge systematic project to solve the problem of petition and visit involving law. We should not only base ourselves on the current situation, control the number of letters and visits involving law within the minimum limit, but also focus on the long term, standardize and guide its rational operation in accordance with the law. We should also focus on the overall situation and plan and promote the work of letters and visits involving law.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.8

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