中英食品安全法律制度比较及其启示

发布时间：2017-12-27 07:42

本文关键词：中英食品安全法律制度比较及其启示　出处：《湖南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当下，食品安全问题成为全世界人民最为关注的话题之一，如何加强食品安全的监督管理成为各国政府的热点问题。英国自十九世纪二十年代起，开始了漫长的与食品欺诈等食品安全问题的斗争。经过百余年的发展和沉淀，最终形成了适用于当今社会发展现状的食品安全法律制度。英国现行的主要食品安全法律法规包括1990年颁布的《食品安全法》、1999年出台的《食品标准法》、2004年的《一般食品规范》，同时还包括欧盟规范其成员国家食品安全监管制度的《通用食品法》等。以这些食品安全法律法规为依据，，构建了中央政府与地方政府相互配合，以保障消费者的合法权益为基本出发点的食品安全法律制度。特别是在二十世纪末疯牛病爆发后，为积极应对各种食品突发事件、去除食品安全监管上的不足而改革食品安全法律制度，组建了食品标准署，并在短短的十几年间迅速恢复食品安全的稳定与民众对于食品安全的信心。近年来，我国食品安全问题成为当今最为突出的社会矛盾，重大食品安全事故频发。针对我国食品市场的特点，政府也加快了对于食品安全法律制度的改革，包括1995年出台了《食品卫生法》、2009年颁布了《食品安全法》，设立国务院食品安全委员，构建食品安全风险评估机制，新增食品生产许可证、食品流通许可证与餐饮服务许可证。但由于我国食品安全法律制度仍在构架之中，在解决监管弱、执法难、欠缺国家标准、地方政府保护等问题上，仍需要借鉴英国食品安全法律制度发展的经验教训，制定出符合我国实情的方针政策。
[Abstract]:At present, food safety has become one of the most concerned topics in the world. How to strengthen the supervision and management of food safety has become a hot issue of all governments. Since 1820s, Britain has begun a long struggle with food safety issues such as food fraud. After more than a hundred years of development and precipitation, the legal system of food safety which is suitable for the present situation of social development has been formed. The current British food safety laws and regulations including the 1990 enactment of the "food safety law", in 1999 the introduction of "food law", 2004 "standard food standards", also including the EU member countries regulate the food safety supervision system of "general food law" etc.. Based on these food safety laws and regulations, a legal system of food safety is constructed, which is based on the coordination between the central government and local governments in order to protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers. Especially at the end of twentieth Century after the outbreak of mad cow disease, to actively respond to various food emergencies, inadequate removal of food safety supervision on the reform of food safety legal system, set up the Food Standards Agency, and in just ten years rapid recovery of food safety stability and public confidence in food safety. In recent years, the problem of food safety in China has become the most prominent social contradiction, and major food safety accidents occur frequently. According to the characteristics of China's food market, the government will also accelerate the reform of the legal system of food safety, including the 1995 issued a "food hygiene law", in 2009 promulgated the "food safety law", the establishment of the State Food Safety Committee, the construction of food safety risk assessment mechanism, the new food production license, food distribution license and catering service license. But because of China's food safety legal system is still in the frame, in solving the problems of weak supervision, law enforcement difficult, the lack of national standards, local government protection, still need to learn from the lessons of the development of British food safety legal system, formulate policies of China.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.16;D956.1

【参考文献】