美国宪法稳定性的基础与机制研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 04:04

本文关键词：美国宪法稳定性的基础与机制研究　出处：《天津师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 美国1787年宪法只有简短的7000个词汇,经历了200多年的发展之后,宪法文本并没有被修改,只是增加了27条修正案,美国宪法相对保持了高度的稳定性。本文运用历史主义、比较研究等方法对美国宪法进行研究,从三个方面来探寻美国宪法稳定性的原因。第一部分,美国宪法稳定性的基础,包括思想基础、法律基础、文化基础、实践基础和社会需要五个方面。从而得出美国宪法不是纯理论的产物,美国宪法的稳定性是建立在综合的基础之上,有着很深的社会根基。第二部分,宪法制订过程的合理性和严格性。正是经过这个合理而严格的制订程序制订出一部成熟而富有“弹性”的宪法。第三部分,宪法中明文规定的分权与制衡机制为宪法的稳定性提供了制度和技术支持。其中违宪审查机制更是维护宪法稳定的有力的后盾。在本文的最后,笔者得出美国宪法稳定性的一些启示并指出了美国宪法存在的一些局限。
[Abstract]:The United States Constitution of 1787 only 7000 words in brief, after 200 years of development, the text of the constitution has not been modified, but an increase of 27 amendments to the constitution of the United States, maintained a relatively high stability. This paper uses historical, comparative research method to study the constitution of the United States, to explore the reasons for the stability of the constitution from the three aspects.
The first part, the basic stability of the constitution, including ideological basis, legal basis, cultural basis, practice basis and social needs five aspects. So that the outcome of the United States Constitution is not a pure theory, the stability of the constitution of the United States is built on the basis of comprehensive, have deep social roots.
The second part is the rationality and rigour of the constitution making process. It is through this reasonable and rigorous formulation procedure that we have developed a mature and flexible constitution.
The third part, the decentralization and balance mechanism expressly stipulated in the Constitution provides institutional and technical support for the stability of the constitution. The mechanism of constitutional review is a powerful backing for maintaining the stability of the constitution.
At the end of this paper, the author draws some inspiration from the stability of the constitution of the United States and points out some limitations of the constitution of the United States.

【学位授予单位】：天津师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D971.2;DD911

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