德国法视野下的个人信息保护

发布时间：2018-02-11 06:57

本文关键词： 个人信息保护一般人格权基本权利信息自决权　出处：《中国政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：信息时代,公民的个人信息逐渐成为最重要的社会资源,但伴随对个人信息价值认识的提升,公民个人信息的安全问题也成为一大社会热点难题。国家应该从法律保护的角度,对个人信息的安全进行维护。本文尝试从德国法的视角展开讨论,为我国个人信息的法律保护提供新的材料。文章首先对一些易混淆的概念作出了区分和解释,对个人信息的概念展开了介绍,并进而给出了作者的基本观点,即抛弃以隐私权为中心的美式个人信息保护模式,而采用德国统一立法保护的个人信息保护模式。德国模式以公民一般人格权的保护作为公民个人信息保护的起点,通过判例确立了一项新的宪法基本权利——信息自决权。信息自决权作为一般人格权在信息时代的新发展,维护公民个人信息免受国家和第三人的非法侵犯,赋予了公民对个人信息的控制权利。在论文的第二章,作者展示了德国个人信息立法保护的历史进程,结合背景时代,给出了立法现象后的本质解释。内容以时间发展为线索,为读者快速勾勒了德国《个人数据保护法》的发展史。其后,在本文的第三章,作者将目光聚集于德国《联邦数据保护法》之上,详细而具体的展示了2009年《联邦数据保护法》的结构、内容、基本原则和权利义务。让读者对德国的个人信息保护立法能有一个更为直观和具体的了解。在详细介绍了德国个人信息保护的立法制度后,作者将视角转入中国法领域,在第四章对我国的立法保护现状做了一个直观分析,采取了数据图表的形式,展示了现阶段法律对公民个人信息的直接及间接保护,并建议将德国法的人格权保护模式引入中国,将个人信息自决权作为个人信息保护问题的基础权利。进而作者在第五章就我国信息自决权的权利基础进行了证成,分别从民法和宪法角度对信息自决权进行了确权分析。最后在第六章,作者就我国所应采取的个人信息保护模式展开讨论,在比较了美国的分散立法模式和德国的统一立法模式以后,提出建立我国特有的以统一立法为主,兼具行业自律的保护模式的建议。
[Abstract]:In the information age, citizens' personal information has gradually become the most important social resource, but with the promotion of the value of personal information, the security of citizens' personal information has become a hot social problem. This paper attempts to discuss the security of personal information from the perspective of German law and provide new materials for the legal protection of personal information in China. This paper first distinguishes and explains some confusing concepts, introduces the concept of personal information, and then gives the author's basic point of view, that is, abandoning the American-style personal information protection model centered on the right of privacy. And adopts the German unified legislation protection personal information protection pattern. The German model regards the protection of the citizen's general personality right as the starting point of the citizen's personal information protection, and establishes a new constitutional basic right, the right of information self-determination, which is the new development of the general personality right in the information age. To protect citizens' personal information from illegal encroachment by the state and the third party endows citizens with the right to control personal information. In the second chapter of the paper, the author shows the historical process of the legislative protection of personal information in Germany, and, combined with the background times, gives the essential explanation of the legislative phenomenon. The content takes the time development as the clue. Then, in the third chapter, the author focuses on the Federal data Protection Act of Germany. The structure, content, basic principles and rights and obligations of the Federal data Protection Act of 2009 are presented in detail. After introducing the legislative system of personal information protection in Germany in detail, the author turns the angle of view to the field of Chinese law, and in Chapter 4th makes an intuitive analysis of the current situation of legislative protection in our country, and adopts the form of data chart. It shows the direct and indirect protection of citizen's personal information by law at the present stage, and proposes to introduce the protection mode of personality right of German law into China. Taking the right to self-determination of personal information as the basic right of personal information protection, the author proves the right basis of the right to self-determination of information in China in Chapter 5th. Finally, in Chapter 6th, the author discusses the mode of personal information protection in China. After comparing the decentralized legislative model in the United States with the unified legislative model in Germany, this paper puts forward some suggestions for establishing a unique protection model in our country, which is based on uniform legislation and has self-discipline in the industry.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D951.6;D923

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