评析波斯纳财富最大化理论

发布时间：2018-02-14 05:21

本文关键词： 波斯纳财富最大化效率交易成本公平　出处：《重庆大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 查理德.A.波斯纳是20世纪70年代以来最为杰出的法律经济学家之一。他将人们从相互自愿的交易中各自获得利益的简明经济理论和与经济效率有关的市场经济原理应用于法律制度和法学理论研究,为法律经济学的研究奠定了理论基础,从而对法学一般理论的发展作出贡献。作为经济分析法学在当代的集大成者,波斯纳运用“科斯定理”来解释所有的法律现象。他运用经济学来解释非市场行为的路径就是将其视为虚拟的市场行为,然后运用“科斯定理”来重新界定法律的权利义务配置。他把经济分析法学作为一种规范性的理论,并指出其规范性目标就是要追求法律制度的效率,以实现社会的财富最大化。即社会资源的有限性要求将权利分配给最珍惜这个权利的人,只有如此社会福利才能得到最大程度的增长。社会财富的增长是如此值得期待,因而衡量一项法律制度的唯一标准就是这项法律制度能否实现以最低的成本达致最大的经济效果。为了研究波斯纳的法学思想,本文从财富最大化理论的进路出发,以此探寻出更多有益的启发。本文第一部分首先集中分析波斯纳的财富最大化观。效率、效用、最大化等经济学概念不仅可以用来讨论法律领域中非常特殊的问题,而且为法律的运行提供了一种可以达到的目的。波斯纳对财富最大化的思考一直没有停止,他试图突破传统功利主义的束缚,为法律确立一个更为广泛的效率体系,实现资源的最优化配置。第二部分主要以中外法学家对财富最大化理论的评价,来体现财富最大化理论所存在的利弊。本文最后一部分是财富最大化理论与我国法治改革相结合的一点思考,包括财富最大化理论对我国法制建设的借鉴意义以及它存在的局限性,希望能够为推进适合我国国情的效率化进路抛砖引玉,找到法治建设的有效进路之一。
[Abstract]:Charlide A. Posner is one of the most prominent legal economists since 1970s. He makes the simple economic theory that people benefit from mutual voluntary transactions and the market economy related to economic efficiency. The application of theory to the study of the legal system and the theory of law, It lays a theoretical foundation for the study of law and economics, and thus contributes to the development of the general theory of law. Posner uses the Coase Theorem to explain all legal phenomena. The way he uses economics to explain non-market behavior is to treat it as virtual market behavior. Then he uses the Coase Theorem to redefine the distribution of rights and obligations of law. He regards the law of economic analysis as a normative theory and points out that its normative goal is to pursue the efficiency of the legal system. In order to maximize the wealth of society... that is, the limited nature of social resources requires that rights be allocated to those who cherish this right the most, and only in this way can social welfare be maximized. The increase in social wealth is so desirable that it is worth looking forward to. Therefore, the only measure of a legal system is whether it can achieve maximum economic effect at the lowest cost. In order to study Posner's theory of law, this paper starts from the path of wealth maximization theory and explores more beneficial enlightenments. The first part of this paper focuses on Posner's view of wealth maximization, efficiency and utility. Economic concepts such as maximization can be used not only to discuss very special problems in the field of law, but also to provide an achievable goal for the operation of law. He tries to break through the shackles of traditional utilitarianism, establish a more extensive efficiency system for law, and realize the optimal allocation of resources. The second part mainly evaluates the theory of wealth maximization by Chinese and foreign jurists. The last part of this paper is about the combination of wealth maximization theory and the rule of law reform in our country. It includes the reference meaning of the wealth maximization theory to our country's legal system construction and its limitation. It is hoped that it can be one of the effective ways to promote the efficiency that suits our country's national conditions and find out the effective way to the construction of the rule of law.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90-05

【引证文献】