英国剖腹产案件中的患者自主权研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 05:18

  本文选题：法院授权剖腹产　切入点：家父主义　出处：《环球法律评论》2012年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：英国20世纪90年代一系列法院授权的剖腹产案件表显出了妇产领域根深蒂固的医学与司法上的家父主义倾向——对产妇欠缺意识能力的一般推定,对产妇非理性决定的蔑视以及对产妇及/或胎儿生命利益无以复加的推重——从而与患者自主权原则发生冲突。英国法院通过对意识能力概念过于严格的解释,来绕过胎儿非为法律上之人的法律壁垒,甚至公然对实证法的立场发起挑战。上诉法院虽然在两项判决中扼制住了这一情绪化的异动,它的意识能力理论却仍然为家父主义的回潮埋下了伏笔。故而,单有法律原则,还不足以为产妇自主权提供充分保护。只要诸如应该不惜一切代价地让产妇娩出一个健康的孩子、分娩中的产妇欠缺作出有效决定的意识能力这样一些流布甚广的观念不得澄清,产妇导向的法律政策与婴儿导向的产科训练之间的冲突不得协调,强化了产科医生话语权的医疗资源匮乏状态不得根本缓解,那么,曲解、回避法律原则强行手术的作法就断不会少。
[Abstract]:In 1990s, a series of cases of caesarean section authorized by a series of courts in the United Kingdom revealed the deep-rooted medical and judicial patriarchal tendencies in the field of obstetrics and gynaecology-a general presumption of lack of awareness of maternity. Contempt for irrational maternal decisions and unrelenting weight for the interests of maternal and / or fetal life conflict with the principle of patient autonomy. The British courts have adopted an overly strict interpretation of the concept of consciousness, To circumvent the legal barriers that the fetus is not a legal person, and even openly challenge the positivist position. The Court of Appeal, in two decisions, curbed this emotional transference, His theory of consciousness and ability still laid the groundwork for the return of fatherhood. Therefore, there are only legal principles. Not enough to provide adequate protection for maternal autonomy, as long as, for example, a woman should be allowed to deliver a healthy child at all costs, The widespread perception that mothers in childbirth lack the ability to make effective decisions cannot be clarified, and the conflict between Maternity oriented legal policies and infant oriented obstetric training cannot be reconciled, The lack of medical resources, which strengthens the right of obstetrics doctors to speak, must not be alleviated fundamentally, then the practice of misinterpreting and evading the principle of law and forcing surgery will not be less.
【作者单位】： 首都医科大学卫生法学系;
【基金】：2009年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“意外事故的综合救济机制研究”(项目编号:09YJC820006) 2010年度北京市社科重点项目“医疗侵权责任立法对首都医师执业环境的影响评价与对策研究”(项目编号:10AaFX093)阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：D956.1;DD912.1
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本文编号：1573483