唐代见危不救罪研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 06:21

本文选题：见义勇为　切入点：见危不救　出处：《郑州大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前价值多元化和利己主义的盛行导致人们逐渐忽视了自身在责任的恪守外还应具备的一种德行,即在面对他人的危险或不幸时出于同情感而作出的合宜作为。这种合宜作为是由道德规范调整的无特定义务关系的第三人在他人的人身或财产安全处于紧迫状态下所采取的一种救济,我们把此合宜行为的缺失称之为见危不救。在当今社会背景下很多人没能正视道德的纯洁性和严肃性,现行刑法也未明确见危不救的规定,由此见危不救在这个规则模糊的社会中大行其是,似乎已经成为了人们出于自保而作出的常态选择。然而反观中国封建法制历史,见危不救罪却是一项确定的刑法制度,它早在先秦就已出现,经魏晋南北朝得以丰富,及至唐代已成为一项颇为完善的制度,具有深厚的道德意蕴,现代法伦理学为我们重新审视唐代的见危不救罪提供了新的视角。现代法伦理学有两组重要的关系：一是人性与法律的关系,二是道德与法律的关系。唐代见危不救罪的设立基于人性的善,符合人的“善质”；也考虑到人性的“恶”,允许少部分的“私心”存在,其立法目的在于通过礼的教化与法的惩罚,双向合一,以达到对人性“善”的提升,对人性“恶”的剔除。另外,唐代见危不救罪依据的“出礼入刑”的原则,要求民众“见危救助”,将道德要求泛化为法律规定,使见危不救罪显现出高度道德化的特征。本文通过对见危不救罪的历史沿革和现实需求进行梳理,来分析唐代见危不救罪的内容和特点,探讨见危不救罪在唐代得以发展的原因,并从中抽离出其所蕴含的价值取向及历史意义。笔者采用一种法伦理学的研究方法,以道德与法律、人性与制度的法理作为切入,来探讨见危不救的理论内涵,以期引申出唐代见危不救罪对现代刑法的一些借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The current prevalence of value pluralism and egoism has led to the gradual neglect of one kind of virtue that one should possess in addition to one's duty. An act of propriety done in the face of danger or misfortune of another. This act of propriety is that a third person with no particular obligation adjusted by ethics is in a state of urgency for the safety of the person or property of another person. A kind of relief taken under, We call this lack of appropriate behavior as whether to see danger or not to save it. Under the background of today's society, many people have failed to face up to the purity and seriousness of morality, and the current criminal law has not clearly stipulated that danger cannot be saved. From this, we can see that danger does not save in this society with vague rules. It seems that it has become the normal choice that people have made out of self-protection. However, in the history of China's feudal legal system, seeing that danger does not save the crime is a definite criminal law system. It appeared as early as pre-Qin Dynasty, enriched by Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern dynasties, until the Tang Dynasty has become a quite perfect system, with profound moral implications, modern legal ethics for us to re-examine the Tang Dynasty, not to save the crime to provide a new perspective. There are two important relationships in modern legal ethics: one is the relationship between human nature and law, the other is the relationship between morality and law. In line with the "good quality" of human beings, and taking into account the "evil" of human nature, it allows a small number of "private hearts" to exist. Its legislative purpose is to achieve the promotion of the "good" of human nature through the cultivation of propriety and the punishment of the law in both directions. In addition, the principle of "courteous punishment", which is based on the crime of not saving in the Tang Dynasty, requires the public to "see danger and rescue", generalizes the moral requirements into the legal provisions, and makes the crime of seeing danger without rescuing show a highly moral characteristic. This paper analyzes the content and characteristics of the crime of seeing danger and not rescuing the crime in the Tang Dynasty by combing the historical evolution and realistic needs of the crime of seeing the danger and not saving the crime, and probes into the reasons why the crime of seeing the danger without the rescue can develop in the Tang Dynasty. The author uses a kind of research method of legal ethics, taking morality and law, human nature and legal theory of system as the cut in order to discuss the theoretical connotation of seeing danger or not saving. In order to extend the Tang Dynasty saw danger not to save the crime to modern criminal law some reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D929

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