司法裁判视角下的法体系

发布时间：2018-03-16 21:48

本文选题：司法　切入点：裁判　出处：《上海师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：传统的法律体系是以一国现行的全部法律规范按照不同的法律部门分类组合而形成的一个呈体系化的有机联系的统一整体即规范体系，或者按制定机关的权力等级不同自上而下形成各种效力等级的法律规范的效力体系。这种法律体系，是与我国的政治制定相一致的。本质是权力机关为最高的立法机关，而且拥有者在实施法律过程中针对具体案件才会出现的模糊解释权和歧义解释权。因而最高权力机关通过拥有法律模糊、法律歧义、法律漏洞的诸多权力限制，而使司法机构的法律实施成为一个机械而单纯地法律适用过程。实际上，司法机关在适用法律过程中，，自始至终都存在价值判断，这种价值判断通过体系思维方法来形成。裁判视角下的法体系分为规则体系和原则体系。规则是在裁判中可以经过解释后直接作为裁判依据的大前提。作为权威理由的规则体系的形式渊源，有宪法、法律、行政法规、地方性法规、规章、自治条例、单行条例。裁判视角下，于规则体系中选择适用适合当前案件的法律规则，通过规则体系思维方法来把握。规则体系思维方法有规则选择适用中的法体系思维，规则冲突解决中的法体系思维，规则适用的体系解释思维。原则是规则及其习惯、政策背后抽象出来的实质的正义、平等、公平、自由、尊严、利益、立法者目的。裁判视角下原则适用是指在规则漏洞、模糊、歧义的情况下，适用原则来填补漏洞、明确概念、解决歧义。原则的把握关键在于价值判断的形成。价值判断是抽象原则转化为具体规范的适用的前提。价值判断分为立法者的价值判断、司法机关创造的价值判断。通过各种原则体系思维方法形成价值判断。也即对抽象的原则的把握。然后以此为依据，选择法内规则、不确定概念、法内一般原则、政策、习惯作为裁判的大前提。这种通过原则体系思维方法到价值判断的形成，再到案件大前提的建构，完成对原则体系的把握。
[Abstract]:The traditional legal system is a unified whole, namely the normative system, which is formed by the classification and combination of all the existing legal norms of a country according to different legal departments. Or, according to the different levels of power of the enacting organs, to form a system of effectiveness of legal norms of various levels of effectiveness from top to bottom. This legal system is consistent with the political formulation of our country. The essence is that the organs of power are the highest legislative organs. Moreover, in the process of implementing the law, the owner has the power of fuzzy interpretation and the power of ambiguous interpretation, which will only appear in specific cases. Therefore, the supreme power organ restricts the power by owning the law ambiguity, legal ambiguity, and legal loopholes. In fact, in the process of applying the law, the judicial organs have value judgment from beginning to end, which is formed by the method of systematic thinking. The legal system from the perspective of judgment is divided into a system of rules and a system of principles. Rules are the major premises that can be directly taken as the basis for adjudication after interpretation. The formal origin of the rule system as an authoritative reason is the constitution, laws, administrative regulations, local regulations, rules and regulations, autonomous regulations, From the angle of view of the judge, the author chooses the law rules suitable for the current case in the rule system, and grasps them through the thinking method of the rule system. The thinking method of the rule system has the thinking of the law system in the selection and application of the rule. The law system thinking in the rule conflict resolution, the system explanation thought which the rule applies. Principle is the rule and its custom. The essence of justice, equality, fairness, freedom, dignity, interest, and the purpose of legislator is abstracted from the policy. The key to grasp the principle lies in the formation of value judgment. Value judgment is the prerequisite for the application of abstract principle to specific norms. Value judgment is divided into legislators' value judgment. The value judgment created by the judiciary. The value judgment is formed through the thinking methods of various principle systems. That is, the grasp of abstract principles. Then based on this, we choose the rules within the law, the concept of uncertainty, the general principles within the law, and the policy. Habit is the premise of judgment. This way of thinking through the principle system to the formation of value judgment, and then to the construction of the premise of the case, to complete the grasp of the principle system.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D90

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