民国时期民事调解制度探析

发布时间：2018-03-19 17:11

  本文选题：民国时期　切入点：息讼　出处：《江西财经大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在中国古代的发展历史中,息讼以及息讼机制源流久远。对于在中国这个儒家思想占据主导地位的国度来说,息讼已经成为了历朝官员乃至天子,所奉行的至高准则和社会治理目标。我国传统息讼制度得到了社会的广泛好评和充分肯定,并作为“东方经验”得以保留下来,也是硕果仅存的中华法系在当代仍然发挥影响力的历史成就。我国民事调解制度很大一部分就是受到了中国传统息讼制度的影响。 民事调解制度,从大的范围上来看,是属于民事诉讼的一种制度,但是从解决民事纠纷上来看,其与民事诉讼处于并列的状态,其是由第三方居中进行劝解纠纷而使双方互相妥协退让,从而化解纠纷的一种民事诉讼程序。无可厚非民国时期是我国法律现代化的大发展时期,民国时期在中国整个法律发展历程中有着不可取代的地位。从清末修律开始,中国的法律现代化就已初具成效,经过民国初期对法律的完善,‘中国的法律已日趋西化。自1911年辛亥革命以后,到1949年新中国成立之前,当时的中国处于社会动荡、军阀割据状态,而东西方文化的激烈碰撞,也使得当时的法律制度具有一定的时代特色。而在对当时的民事调解制度进行分析探讨的过程中,更以晚清政府出台的《民事诉讼律草案》以及其后出台的《民事调解法》及《民事诉讼法》为核心以及重要标志。 当今中国所实施的民事调解制度是我国司法制度的一大特色,它不仅继承了民国时期的优良传统,而且是中国法治文化和长期司法实践经验相结合的智慧结晶,民事调解制度也是我国民事审判中最富有特色的一种制度。这种以“调解为主”的审判方式不仅在国内得到很好的适用,并且在国际上也饱受好评。 本文的主体包括7项内容, 引言‘,简单的介绍了民事调解以及民事调解制度在中国的历史长河中所处于的地位。 第一部分,评析了中国的传统息讼机制。这一部分主要从中国古代的息讼机制溯源、中国近代的纠纷调解机制和中国传统息讼机制的经验与智慧三个方面来阐述中国的传统息讼机制。 第二部分,概述了民国时期民事调解制度。这一部分主要从民国时期民事调解制度的背景和立法概况两个方面来记述。 第三部分,论述了民间调解以及它的得失。该部分先叙述民国时期民间调解对传统民间调解的沿革,之后叙述了民间调解的基本途径以及其特征,之后再从民间调解的运作过程来进行探析,从而让我们充分了解民间调解和它的得失。 第四部分,论述了行政调解及其得失。此部分先从我国民国时期至今行政调解的状况进行阐述,之后再记述乡、镇、县调解委员会及其运作规程,最后再总结出行政调解的积极和消极的作用,从而让我们对此部分有所了解。 第五部分,论述了司法调解及其得失。这部分一开始从《民事调节法》的颁布和它的立法原则开始概述。之后叙述了《民事调解法》及相关法律当中的司法调解,然后概述民事调解与民事诉讼的衔接。 第六部分,总结了民国时期民事调解制度的经验以及对当代的借鉴。从“批判地借鉴古代息讼经验”、“正确评价以息讼为目的的调解制度”、“积极推进基层法院尤其是人民法庭调解息讼能力建设”三个方面进行论述。
[Abstract]:In China ancient history, the origin of litigation and litigation mechanism. For long occupied the leading position in the Chinese Confucian country, interest litigation has become a Chinese officer and Emperor pursued high standards of governance and social goals. Our traditional lawsuit system has been widely praised by society and fully sure, and as the "Oriental experience" to be preserved, but also the Chinese legal system There remained but a single one. still exert its great influence on the contemporary. The civil mediation system in China is a large part of affected China traditional lawsuit system.
The civil mediation system, from the point of view, is a civil action in a system, but from the point of view to resolve civil disputes, which is tied with the state of civil litigation, which is composed of third party centered persuasion disputes make mutual compromise, a civil lawsuit procedure to resolve disputes no ground for blame. The period of the Republic of China is a period of great development of legal modernization in China, the period of the Republic of China has an irreplaceable role in the development of the China law. From the beginning of the late Qing Dynasty, the modernization of law China has begun to take effect, through the improvement of the law in the early Republic of China, "Chinese law has become increasingly westernized. Since 1911 1911 before the revolution, to the founding of new Chinese in 1949, at the time of the China in social unrest, warlords, and Western culture fierce collision, but also makes the legal system when certain The characteristics of the times, and in the process of analysis and discussion of the civil mediation system at that time, it is the core of the civil law draft issued by the late Qing Dynasty and the civil mediation law and civil procedure law promulgated later.
The Chinese implementation of the civil mediation system is a major feature of our judicial system, it not only inherited the fine tradition of the Republic of China, and is the crystallization of the wisdom China legal culture and long-term judicial practice experience combined, a system of civil mediation system of China's civil trial is the most distinctive of this. "Mediation" trial not only is good at home, and also suffering from the international praise.
The main body of this article consists of 7 items.
The introduction briefly introduces the status of civil mediation and the system of civil mediation in the history of China.
The first part analyzes the traditional litigation mechanism in China. This part mainly expounds the traditional litigation mechanism in China from three aspects, namely, tracing the origin of the litigation mechanism in ancient China, tracing the dispute mediation mechanism in modern China and the experience and wisdom of the traditional interest litigation mechanism in China.
The second part summarizes the civil mediation system in the Republic of China. This part is mainly from two aspects: the background and legislative outline of the civil mediation system in the Republic of China.
绗�涓夐儴鍒�,璁鸿堪浜嗘皯闂磋皟瑙ｄ互鍙婂畠鐨勫緱澶，

本文编号：1635214