溯因推理新论——法律论证的视角

发布时间：2018-03-23 19:22

本文选题：溯因推理　切入点：法律论证　出处：《政法论丛》2013年05期

【摘要】：溯因推理具有显著的特征:或然性(假设性)、逆向性、非单调性、语用性和创新性。溯因推理研究的新进路在于,其发生了语用学的转向以及语用论证(论辩)的转向。在法律方法(法律适用)和法律逻辑的视域,溯因推理的研究及其运用,长期困固于刑事侦查领域中,对于其在司法判决(审判阶段中)作为一种法律论证方法以解决疑难案件的论证则少有使用。以法律论证为视角,用一例只有被害人陈述为直接证据的强奸案件为例,通过对传统证据链模式的分析,提出印证式证据链模式和排除式证据链模式,建立溯因推理的正向溯因推理模式和反向溯因推理模式,并在案件证据所呈现的情境下建构法律语境,展现溯因推理在具体案件中的法律论证,以期能为我国司法判决实现合理性和正当性,提供一种新的论证模式或方法。
[Abstract]:Traceability reasoning has significant characteristics: probabilistic (hypothetical, reverse, non-monotonic, pragmatic and innovative). It takes place the turn of pragmatics and the turn of pragmatic argumentation. In the field of legal method (application of law) and legal logic, the research and application of retrospective reasoning have been stuck in the field of criminal investigation for a long time. It is seldom used as a method of legal argumentation to solve difficult cases in judicial decision (trial stage). In the perspective of legal argument, a rape case with only the victim's statement as direct evidence is used as an example. Through the analysis of the traditional evidence chain mode, the paper puts forward the corroborative evidence chain model and the exclusionary evidence chain pattern, and establishes the positive and reverse retrospective reasoning modes of the retrospective reasoning. Under the circumstance of case evidence, the author constructs the legal context and demonstrates the legal argumentation of retrospective reasoning in specific cases in order to provide a new mode or method for the realization of rationality and legitimacy of judicial decision in our country.
【作者单位】：天津师范大学南开大学哲学系;中南财经政法大学法学院;
【分类号】：D90-051

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