“争点论”探赜

发布时间：2018-03-28 23:13

本文选题：争点　切入点：赫玛戈拉斯　出处：《政法论坛》2012年02期

【摘要】："争点论"是公元前2世纪的希腊修辞学家赫玛戈拉斯系统论述的一种修辞学理论。为了对"个案"或"确定的问题"的实际解决,赫玛戈拉斯提出了四个所谓的"逻辑问题",即:事实争点(或推测性争点);定义争点;性质争点;程序争点(或转移争点)。与这四种争点并列的是所谓"法律问题",它们包括:条文的字面含义与(立法)意义或意图的争议;法律冲突;"(法律或文件表述)歧义"的争议;"基于类比推理"的争议,等等。赫玛戈拉斯身后直到公元2世纪,除了西塞罗、昆体良等人介绍他的"争点论"之外,还有学者提出了与他的学说不同的争点论,另有学者沿着他的思想继续拓进,使他的理论得到丰富和发展。对此做出贡献最大的,也最为后世所知的,是公元2世纪的希腊修辞学家、"第二波智者派"的代表人物赫摩根尼斯。他系统地论述了对后世影响较大的13争点体系,其理论在中世纪被奉为修辞学上的最重要的权威。
[Abstract]:"argument of points" is a rhetorical theory systematically discussed by the Greek rhetoric scientist Hema Goras in the second century B.C. in order to solve the "individual case" or "definite problem" in practice, Hermargoras put forward four so-called "logical problems", namely: fact dispute (or speculative dispute), definition of contention point, nature dispute point; Procedural disputes (or transfer points). Parallel to these four points of contention is the so-called "legal issues", which include: the literal meaning of the provisions and (legislative) meaning or intention of the dispute; A conflict of laws; a dispute over "ambiguity (of law or document expression)"; a "dispute based on analogical reasoning," etc., until the 2nd century AD, after Hermargoras, with the exception of Cicero, Quintillian, and others, who introduced his "argument of points of contention," Some scholars have put forward different points of contention from his theory, and others have continued to advance along his thinking, so that his theory can be enriched and developed. Those who have contributed the most to this have also been the most known in later generations. Hermornes, a Greek rhetorician in the second century AD and representative of the second Wise School, systematically discusses the 13-point system, which has a great influence on later generations, and whose theory was regarded as the most important authority in rhetoric in the Middle Ages.
【作者单位】：中国政法大学法理学研究所;
【分类号】：D90

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