迪尔凯姆法社会学视野下的职业团体研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 11:35

本文选题：迪尔凯姆　切入点：法社会学　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为与马克思和韦伯齐名的社会学大师，迪尔凯姆对当时西欧混乱的社会秩序表示切身的感知和深切的忧虑，所以他就把化解社会失范和整合社会秩序作为自己法社会学研究的核心问题。而整个社会有机团结的产生，从本质上说需要所有社会成员遵守以道德情操和共同信仰为基础的集体道德意识，为了提供一个孕育职业伦理和道德规范的组织机构和道德环境，迪尔凯姆就把目光转向了在古老的历史中就已经存在的职业团体。职业团体作为迪尔凯姆建构的能够承载职业伦理和道德规范的物质载体，其目的是为了使职业团体能够为现代社会秩序赋予一种稳定性，进而来治理混乱的社会环境和整合失范的社会秩序，而要使职业团体真正地发挥这种整合的作用，就必须使职业团体进入现实的社会生活之中，通过发挥职业团体的桥梁与纽带作用使职业团体来平衡个人与社会之间的紧张关系，而这一具体的整合过程又需要通过职业团体来双重建构个人与社会间的关系来实现，在此过程中，职业团体所具有的道德权威和法律意义也不断地显现出来。职业团体对于当时西方混乱的社会确实起到了很大的遏制作用，但是它作用有限性也使它面临着诸多的困难和挑战。与此同时，以美国两位学者为代表的“新迪尔凯姆主义”进一步发展了迪尔凯姆的职业团体思想，而联系我国的现实情况，职业团体的社会整合作用对于中国当前的城市居住社区整合也具有很重要的价值和意义。但是当社会发展到迪尔凯姆生活的后期阶段，他希望通过建构道德个人主义来解决他所面临的困境，然而脱离社会现实的道德个人主义在发展过程中也不得不面临着很多的矛盾和困难，所以迪尔凯姆也就没能很好地为他提出的问题提供满意的解决方案，但是他这一有限的探索和尝试毕竟反映了他深切关注社会现实的伟大理想，所以我们认为迪尔凯姆所提出的问题比他给出的答案更有意义，因为他为我们提供了解决问题的各种可能性，而不是给出问题的某些可能的回复与答案。本文在结构上分为五个部分：引论部分，简要地介绍了论文问题意识的缘起，接着分析了迪尔凯姆的职业团体思想在国内与国外的研究状况，同时对论文的研究方法做了简单地说明。第二部分，详细地介绍了职业团体是怎样出现在迪尔凯姆的法社会学视野中的，同时对职业团体的概念进行了界定，并叙述了职业团体的发展历史，在此基础之上说明了职业团体在现代社会重建的必要性和存在的可能性。第三部分，首先通过个人与社会之间的争论揭示了现代社会的悖论，，接着阐述了现代社会失范及其产生的根源，同时对职业团体所具有的特征和功能进行了简单地介绍，以此为基础介绍了迪尔凯姆通过外在的组织建构与内在的道德建构来协调个人与社会之间的紧张关系，最后对职业团体所具有的道德权威和法律意义进行了阐释。第四部分，分析了职业团体在现实社会生活中面临的困难和挑战，并且对“新迪尔凯姆主义”做了简单地说明，同时阐述了迪尔凯姆的职业团体思想对中国当前城市居住社区整合所具有的价值和意义，最后对迪尔凯姆的道德个人主义问题进行了深入地探讨。第五部分，归纳总结，梳理文章的逻辑结构，并对职业团体的研究价值和现实意义做了回顾性的说明和解释。
[Abstract]:As a sociological master of Marx and Weber , Dierkem expressed his deep concern about the social order in Western Europe at that time , so he took the social anomie and the integration of social order as the core issue of his sociological study .

As a material carrier capable of carrying professional ethics and moral norm , the professional group aims at providing a kind of stability to the modern social order , so as to harness the social environment of chaos and the social order , and to bring the professional group into the social life of reality . The concrete integration process needs to double the relationship between the individual and society through the function of the bridge and the link of the professional group . In this process , the professional group has the moral authority and legal significance .

However , when the society develops to the later stage of Durkheim ' s life , he hopes to solve his dilemma by constructing moral individualism , but his limited exploration and attempt after all reflect his deep concern for the great ideals of social reality , so we think that the question raised by Dikheim is more meaningful than the answer given by him , because he has provided us with various possibilities to solve the problem , rather than give some possible answers and answers to the problem .

This paper is divided into five parts :

The introduction part , briefly introduces the origin of the thesis question consciousness , then analyzes the research situation of the thought of professional group of Durkheim in China and abroad , and makes a brief description of the research method of the thesis .

In the second part , the author introduces how the professional groups appear in the view of the sociology of law sociology at the same time , defines the concept of professional groups , and describes the history of the development of professional groups . On the basis of this , the necessity and possibility of professional groups in the reconstruction of modern society are described .

The third part , through the argument between the individual and the society , reveals the paradox of the modern society , then expounds the modern social anomie and its origin , and also gives a brief introduction to the characteristics and functions of the professional group .

The fourth part analyzes the difficulties and challenges faced by professional groups in the life of the real society , and makes a brief description of the new Dierkheim , and expounds the value and significance of the thought of the professional group of Durkheim in the integration of the residential communities in China ' s current city , and finally probes into the moral individualism of Durkheim .

The fifth part , summarizes the logical structure of the article , and makes a retrospective explanation and explanation of the research value and practical significance of the professional group .

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D90-052

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