法庭论辩接受的逻辑与方法论探讨

发布时间：2018-04-06 23:27

本文选题：逻辑　切入点：方法论　出处：《华中师范大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 法庭论辩接受是在法庭庭审这个特殊情境之中,接受者对法庭论辩的待接受对象,通过受前评价继而选择接受态度的过程性活动。它以法律论辩活动为平台,以法律论辩的逻辑思维为基础,体现出此种特殊接受行为的内在逻辑与方法论特性。本文对法庭论辩接受的探讨,是在逻辑学方法论与法律思维方法论相结合的理念下,既从横向维度探讨法庭论辩接受中谁接受、接受什么、哪些因素影响接受以及如何接受的问题,又结合语用学的角度进行纵向剖析,不仅解决接受中客观要素的可接受力问题,还要考虑接受主体的主观态度选择的理性问题。本文的第一部分论述了接受的内涵和特征。该部分首先揭示和剖析了法庭论辩接受的含义和要素,指出法庭论辩中的接受是在法庭这个特殊的场所中,接受者结合法庭论辩的程序活动,对待接受对象做出是否接受的态度选择的行为活动;该行为活动包括接受者、接受对象、影响接受的因素以及接受的过程等要素。在此基础上,逐一分析了法庭论辩接受的各个不同特征如接受主体的限定性、接受客体的特殊性、接受适用的复杂性、接受结果的确定性以及接受行为的时效性,从而彰显出法庭论辩接受的特殊性。文章第二部分在前一部分考察的基础上,再从语用学角度详细论述了影响法庭论辩接受的各个因素,包括内容上的法律合规性、形式上的逻辑有效性以及语境选择性。其中,在考察法律合规性时,明确指出要保证内容的正确、程序的合法同时也要考虑法外诉求的合理性存在;在剖析逻辑有效性时,纵向逐一分析法庭论辩的逻辑结构、逻辑方法与逻辑规则;在分析语境选择性中,重点探讨了接受主体的主体情境因素和法庭论辩的劝导效用。最后一部分的论述是关于接受主体应该如何选择接受态度的方法论探讨。接受者在选择接受态度之前要对待接受对象做出客观公正的受前评价,充分认识到法庭论辩接受活动本身是确定性与差异性的统一。法庭论辩接受的确定性表现为逻辑有效的内部证成和正确相关的外部证成相统一,同时要合理控制和把握语境的选择和劝说力;法庭论辩接受的差异性体现在由于接受主体的多元化引起的控方的较高验后概率、辩方的局部支持和裁方的判定高概率三个方面。接受者在态度选择上要以接受的确定性与差异性的统一体现司法公正,坚持接受的确定性而不排斥接受的差异性,体现接受的差异性时要以确定性为基础,只有理性地将二者相统一,才可科学合理地实施接受行为。
[Abstract]:The acceptance of court argument is a process activity in which the subject of court argument is to be accepted in the special situation of court hearing, which is evaluated before acceptance and then selected to accept attitude.It is based on the activity of legal argumentation and the logical thinking of legal argumentation, which embodies the inherent logic and methodological characteristics of this special acceptance.Under the concept of combining logical methodology with legal thinking methodology, this paper discusses who accepts and accepts what in court debate from the horizontal dimension.The problem of which factors influence acceptance and how to accept is analyzed vertically from the perspective of pragmatics, which not only solves the problem of acceptability of objective elements in acceptance, but also considers the rational choice of subjective attitude of the subject of acceptance.The first part of this paper discusses the connotation and characteristics of acceptance.This part first reveals and analyzes the meaning and elements of the acceptance of the court argument, and points out that the acceptance in the court argument is the procedural activity of the court in this special place, the recipient combined with the court argument.The behavior activity includes the acceptor, the object of acceptance, the factors influencing acceptance and the process of acceptance.On this basis, the author analyzes the different characteristics of acceptance in court argument, such as the limitation of the subject of acceptance, the particularity of the object of acceptance, the complexity of the application of acceptance, the certainty of the result of acceptance and the timeliness of acceptance behavior.So it shows the particularity of the acceptance of court argument.On the basis of the previous part, the second part discusses in detail the factors that affect the acceptance of court arguments from the perspective of pragmatics, including legal compliance in content, logical validity in form and contextual selectivity.During the investigation of legal compliance, it is pointed out clearly that in order to ensure the correctness of the content, the legality of the procedure should also consider the reasonableness of the extralegal claims, while analyzing the validity of the logic, the logical structure of the court argument should be analyzed one by one vertically.In the analysis of contextual selectivity, this paper focuses on the subjective situational factors of the subject and the persuasive effect of the court argument.The last part discusses the methodology of how the subject should choose the attitude of acceptance.Before choosing the acceptance attitude, the receiver should make an objective and fair pre-evaluation of the recipient, and fully realize that the acceptance of the court argument itself is the unity of certainty and difference.The certainty accepted by the court argument is the unity of the logical effective internal proof and the correct relevant external evidence, at the same time, the choice and persuasion of the context should be reasonably controlled and grasped.The difference of court argument acceptance lies in the higher posteriori probability of the prosecution due to the diversity of the accepting subject, the partial support of the defense and the high probability of the adjudication.In the choice of attitude, the receiver should embody judicial justice with the unity of acceptance certainty and difference, insist on acceptance certainty but not reject the difference of acceptance, and embody acceptance difference on the basis of certainty.Only by rationally unifying the two, can the acceptance act be carried out scientifically and reasonably.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D916.2;D90-055

【共引文献】