以《折狱龟鉴》为视角看古代法官的断狱智慧

发布时间：2018-05-01 14:29

本文选题：郑克 + 折狱龟鉴　；参考：《吉林大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 本文是以郑克著《折狱龟鉴》为中心而展开,首先对郑克与《折狱龟鉴》进行简要介绍,分析了在宋代出现《折狱龟鉴》的原因,即宋代帝王身体力行的法制建设、变革时代的士大夫法律思想的影响、诉讼观念转变的冲击。论文主体部分从三个角度对《折狱龟鉴》进行分析,一是察狱之术:列举神明裁判法、侦查讯问法、勘验鉴定法、调查访问法、秘密侦查法等古代侦查方法类型并进行简要评析,进而从释冤为起点分析郑克的察狱思想。二是定案之法:对成文法理解包括四个方面,首先,维护法律作为评判案件的基本标准,依法而断,强调事实本身是否需要法律评价;其次,案件事实与法律规定暗合统一,严格把握法律的个案适用条件,既依据普遍规则,又能实现个案的合理处理,强调事实本身需要怎样的法律评价;再次,案件之间正面阐述、反面评判,考虑法律意图进而适用法律;最后,古代法官融理、法、情于一体,进而说明情理是对成文法的变通与理解。三是治狱精神:察狱与定案之中始终贯穿着参法理、寓人情、尽心的严明精神,反对深文峻法与崇尚原情定罪、道德教化与重在社会效果的矜谨精神。
[Abstract]:This paper focuses on Zheng Ke's book "Breaking Prison Tortoise". First of all, it briefly introduces Zheng Ke and "Breaking Prison Tortoise", and analyzes the reasons for the emergence of "Breaking Prison Tortoise" in Song Dynasty, that is, the legal system construction of emperors' practice in Song Dynasty. The influence of the law thought of the literati and officials in the changing times and the impact of the change of litigation idea. In the main part of the thesis, the author analyzes "Breaking the Tortoise" from three angles. One is the technique of inspecting the prison: enumerating the law of divine judgment, investigating and interrogating, investigating and identifying, investigating and visiting. The types of ancient investigative methods, such as secret investigation, are briefly analyzed, and then Zheng Ke's thoughts on prison inspection are analyzed from the perspective of redress of grievances. Second, the final law: the understanding of statutory law includes four aspects: first, to maintain the law as the basic criterion of judging cases, and to stress whether the facts themselves need to be evaluated by law; secondly, the facts of cases and the provisions of the law are in harmony with each other. To strictly grasp the conditions for the application of the law in individual cases, both according to the general rules, and to realize the rational handling of the cases, and to emphasize what kind of legal evaluation the facts themselves need; thirdly, the positive and negative judgments between the cases, Finally, ancient judges melt reason, law and emotion into one, and then explain that reason is the adaptation and understanding of written law. Third, the spirit of ruling prison: in the inspection and decision of prison, there is always the spirit of referring to the principle of law, including human feelings, the strict spirit of heart, opposing the profound and profound laws and advocating the conviction of the original feeling, moral education and the spirit of focusing on the social effect.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D929

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