中华民国时期契约制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-19 17:35

本文选题：契约制度 + 国家法　；参考：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 从身份到契约是人类历史发展的重大变化,亦是法律制度发展的重大转折,其社会影响是极其深刻的。本文从中华民国时期选择一项具体的制度即契约制度来研究,意图对该时期国家(契约)法与民间(契约实践)习惯之间的互动关系进行分析总结。研究一项制度,尤其是法律制度,国家立法是首要研究对象；本文首先分析了《大清民律草案》、《民国民律草案》和《中华民国民法》中国家层面与契约法有关的内容,通过纵向对比分析揭示国家法中契约制度的变化。传统的契约制度是一项久远的民间习惯法,我国民间各个地区形成的契约实践不同。从民间契约文书史料入手,兼及当时民间社会契约习惯对当时契约制度进行实证考察。这一时期受社会现状的影响,民间契约实践在变化的同时也对传统有所保留。通过研究发现,民间契约实践虽然内容很丰富,但相对于国家立法层面而言,两者之间会出现断裂甚至冲突。司法机关在处理国家法与民间实践的冲突时,优先选择国家法。中华民国时期的契约制度开始注重由立法向司法实践层面转变,在这一法律实践过程中,经济、政治及文化都对其产生影响。同时,习惯在一定程度上弥补了国家法的不足,而国家法也对习惯进行确认、规范,二者之间是一个双向互动的关系。
[Abstract]:From identity to contract is a great change in the development of human history and a significant turning point in the development of legal system, and its social impact is extremely profound. This paper chooses a specific institution, the contract system, to study from the period of the Republic of China, with the intention of analyzing and summarizing the interactive relationship between the state (contract) law and the folk (contract practice) custom in that period. To study a system, especially the legal system, the national legislation is the primary object of study. Firstly, this paper analyzes the contents of the draft law of the people in the Qing Dynasty, the draft law of the people of the Republic of China and the civil law of the Republic of China related to the law of contract at the national level. Through longitudinal comparative analysis to reveal the changes of contract system in national law. The traditional contract system is a long time old folk customary law. Starting with the historical materials of civil contract documents, the contract system of that time was investigated empirically by the contract custom of civil society at that time. During this period, influenced by the current social situation, the folk contract practice changed with some reservations to the tradition. Through the study, it is found that the folk contract practice is rich in content, but compared with the national legislation level, there will be a break or even a conflict between the two. When dealing with the conflict between national law and folk practice, the judicial organ gives priority to the choice of national law. During the period of the Republic of China, the contract system began to change from legislation to judicial practice. In the process of legal practice, economy, politics and culture had an impact on it. At the same time, habit makes up for the deficiency of national law to a certain extent, and the national law also confirms and standardizes the custom, and the relationship between them is a two-way interaction.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D923.6;D929

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