英国宪政史中的权力均衡：传统模式及其现代化

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:42

本文选题：英国 + 宪政史　；参考：《华东师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 以议会制及普通法宪法为代表的英国宪政制度不但是英国走上强国之路的关键,而且也深深影响了世界政治制度的发展。与这种重要地位不相称的是,英国宪政史的研究在中国学界并没有受到足够的重视。本文将结合英国宪政史的动态变迁与静态制度描述两种方式,尝试采用“史论结合”的方法勾勒出英国宪政的基本发展轨迹,并在这一路径的基础上,反思两位主要的宪政研究学者的理论。本文第二、三章为主体部分。两章分别讨论英国宪政模式的传统形态和现代形态。第二章首先介绍作为传统宪政模式形成基础的社会背景,之后考察法律主治和均衡政制两个主要的传统权力均衡模式制度基础。与这两个基础相对应的,分别介绍了其智识代表人物。通过对其代表人物的分析将能够更好地理解这种制度模式。第三章则主要考察权力均衡模式在十九世纪的转型(实质上是一种政制现代化的过程)。本文将十九世纪的转型看成一种传统历史主导型宪政模式向制度主导型宪政模式的转化,而其表现形式则为现代政党政治。与之相对应的,考察两个十九世纪政制现代化背后的智识基础。本章的最后一节则考察这种现代化路径在二十世纪的延续及其内在机制。十九世纪后期的一些新发展使得第三章所考察的那种模式还出现了一些进一步的变化,只是因为此一过程还处在变化阶段,目前无法对其进行准确归纳,而仅仅能够进行一些描述和分析。最后一章总结整个英国宪政史变迁的过程,得出自己的三步发展模型,基于这个模型,本文将对两个理论进行反思,包括维尔的一般分权模式发展模型与英国模式的区别与联系,以及结合这一模型,对戴雪议会主权理论及其所受到的批判进行一些简短评价。
[Abstract]:The British constitutional system, represented by the parliamentary system and the general law constitution, is not only the key to the British way of becoming a powerful country, but also deeply affected the development of the world political system. The study of British constitutional history is not sufficiently attached to the study of the British constitutional history. This article will be combined with the history of British constitutional government. There are two ways of state change and static system description, and try to outline the basic development track of British constitutionalism by means of "the combination of historical theory". On the basis of this path, the author rethinks the theory of the two main constitutionalism scholars.
The second, third chapter is the main part. The two chapter discusses the traditional form and modern form of the British constitutional model respectively. The second chapter introduces the social background of the foundation of the traditional constitutional model, and then investigates the basis of two main traditional power equilibrium model system based on the legal governance and the balanced system of political system. The representatives of their intelligence are introduced respectively. Through the analysis of their representatives, we can understand this system better.
The third chapter mainly examines the transformation of the mode of balance of power in the nineteenth Century (essentially a process of political modernization). In this paper, the transformation of nineteenth Century is regarded as a transformation from a traditional history leading constitutional model to a system dominated constitutional model, while its form of expression is a modern political party politics. The last section of this chapter examines the continuation and internal mechanism of this modernization path in the twentieth Century and its internal mechanism in the last section of this chapter. Some of the new developments in the late nineteenth Century have made some further changes in the model examined in the third chapter, only because the process is still in change. At the present stage, it can not be accurately summarized, but can only be described and analyzed.
The last chapter summarizes the whole process of British constitutional history, the three step development model, based on this model, this paper will reflect on the two theories, including the relationship between the general development model, decentralized model and British model, and combined with the type of the first mock exam, wearing snow parliamentary sovereignty theory and the number of A few brief comments are made.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D956.1;DD911

【参考文献】