试论俄罗斯的权威崇拜传统对宪政进程的影响

发布时间：2018-05-26 01:21

本文选题：俄罗斯 + 权威崇拜　；参考：《西南政法大学》2009年硕士论文

【摘要】： 俄罗斯的权威崇拜有着悠久的历史,形成了俄罗斯民族的文化传统。这种权威崇拜传统对俄罗斯民族的进步、发展产生了深远的影响,特别是在俄罗斯的宪政进程中,权威崇拜使得宪政彰显了个人的因素,宪政进程也随之充满变数,飘忽不定、无章可循。这不仅表现在沙皇专制主义时代,即便是在俄罗斯宪政制度建立后的今天,宪政制度仍然受到个人权威的挑战。俄罗斯民族是个年轻而历经磨难的民族,在民族的演化进程中,由于特殊的历史原因在这个民族的灵魂中形成了独特的女性气质而且充满感性,这些特质使得民族本身崇尚强者、服从权威,这种传统在民族历史的长河中逐步演进、影响深远。由于权威崇拜传统与西方近代的宪政思想存在不可调和的价值冲突,所以它对俄罗斯宪政进程的影响非常巨大,2008年俄罗斯大选只是一个缩影。因此本文定位于探究俄罗斯民族崇拜权威传统的历史以及俄罗斯宪政的历史进程,并尝试分析、总结同一历史中两种社会意识的结合点。本文主要包括五个部分: 引论部分的内容主要是简要介绍2008年俄罗斯大选和俄罗斯联邦首次修宪的情况、以及各方的争议与调和。对关于俄罗斯宪政研究、俄罗斯精神文化研究的历史及相关的学术观点加以介绍。同时对本文的研究视角和写作方法加以说明。笔者在引论中提出,在权威崇拜和宪政进程研究中,将展示历史事实作为第一目标,所有的总结归纳应建立在历史依据的基础之上。第一章对俄罗斯的权威崇拜传统的形成、演变及其原因加以介绍。从原始的自然崇拜到专制主义制度下的沙皇崇拜、苏联时期的个人崇拜、西方民主体制下的“普京崇拜”,俄罗斯民族的权威崇拜有着明晰的历史脉络。虽然各个时期的原因不同,但相互交织影响,并同源于俄罗斯灵魂深处的民族精神。饱受磨难的历史和东西文化的双重影响,是俄罗斯民族特质形成的深层原因。第二章是对俄罗斯宪政进程的回顾,主要分为俄罗斯宪政思想和宪政制度的演化进程,俄罗斯的宪政思想包括俄罗斯民族自身演化中的原发性宪政思想和受西方启蒙运动影响下的宪政思想,宪政制度演进则贯穿沙皇专制统治后期、民主革命时期、苏联时期和独立的后俄罗斯整个俄罗斯近现代史。无论是俄罗斯早期原发性的宪政思想还是在受西方启蒙思想影响下的宪政制度探索,无论是专制主义制度下还是西方民主制度下,俄罗斯的权威领导者都在宪政进程中成为“关键要素”,这是本章揭示的重点。第三章对前文内容加以分析,总结权威崇拜传统对宪政进程的影响。首先揭示权威崇拜的实质及与宪政的内在冲突,冲突的本质是感性与理性、人治与法治的冲突,存在不可调和的矛盾,具体影响分为促进和禁锢两个方面,两个方面都以宪政进程中的权威因素为依据,在肯定权威崇拜在特定历史时期对于宪政进程具有促进作用的同时,揭示了它最终禁锢和阻碍了宪政进程的本质。结语部分首先对俄罗斯权威崇拜的“感性”加以总结,得出“法”作为理性的产物它无法成为俄罗斯民族的权威,俄罗斯目前处于权威与法理结合型政治形态下。历史文化传统的深层影响使得俄罗斯宪政之路充满曲折。
[Abstract]:Russia ' s authority worship has a long history , formed the cultural tradition of the Russian nationality . This authoritative worship tradition has exerted a profound influence on the progress and development of the Russian people , especially in Russia ' s constitutional government process , the constitutional government shows the individual factor , the constitutional government process is filled with variable , erratic and arbitrary rules . This is not only manifested in the czar ' s authoritarian age , even after the establishment of the Russian constitutional system , the constitutional system is still challenged by the individual authority .

In the course of the nation ' s evolution , the Russian nationality is a young and difficult nation , and in the process of nation ' s evolution , it has formed a unique feminine temperament and sensibility in the soul of the nation because of the special historical reasons . It has exerted profound influence on Russia ' s constitutional process . Therefore , it is based on the history of the traditional Chinese culture and the historical process of the Russian constitutional government , and tries to analyze and summarize the joint points of the two social consciousness in the same history .

This paper mainly includes five parts :

The introduction part mainly introduces the Russian general election in 2008 and the first constitutional amendment of the Russian Federation , as well as the dispute and reconciliation of the parties . The author gives an introduction to the history of Russian constitutional research and Russian spiritual culture research and the related academic viewpoints . In the introduction , the author puts forward that in the research of authoritative worship and constitutional government , the historical fact is displayed as the first goal , and all the summary and summary should be based on the historical basis .

The first chapter introduces the formation , evolution and reasons of the traditional Chinese authority worship tradition . From the original natural worship to the worship of the czars under the system of absolutism , the cult of the Soviet period and the " Putin worship " under the western democratic system , the authority worship of the Russian nationality has a clear historical context . Although the reasons for each period are different , the interweave influence is the same as the national spirit originated from the soul of Russia . The double influence of the history of suffering and the culture of western culture is the deep cause of the formation of the Russian national character .

The second chapter is a review of the process of constitutional government in Russia , which is mainly divided into the evolution process of Russian constitutional thought and constitutional government .

The third chapter analyzes the contents of the previous text , summarizes the influence of authority worship tradition on the process of constitutional government . Firstly , it reveals the essence of authoritative worship and the internal conflicts with the constitutional government . The essence of conflict is the conflict between the sensibility and reason , the rule of man and the rule of law .

The concluding part firstly summarizes the " sensibility " of Russian authoritative worship , and concludes that the " law " as the product of reason cannot be regarded as the authority of the Russian national , and Russia is currently under the combination of authority and law . The deep influence of historical and cultural tradition makes the road of Russia ' s constitutional government be full of twists and turns .
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：DD911;D951.2

【参考文献】