速成新政与清朝覆亡

发布时间：2018-06-15 18:44

本文选题：清末新政 + 仿行宪政　；参考：《学术研究》2012年11期

【摘要】：清末新政后期,移植域外政制形式,以变官制为实行宪政的先导。改革启动前,朝野官绅、国外政客和报刊时评,均对中国仿行立宪的基础、条件有所质疑,对官制改革方案的要旨、程序及实施措施,亦予以激烈批评,尤其对速成新政的做法给予劝阻示警,认为若当道一意孤行,新政最终难免速乱以致速亡的结局。对此,急于求成的清廷决策者未予重视,甚少采取相应对策及时调整以纠偏救弊,导致内外矛盾激化,救命丹反而成了催命符。社会改革不仅有基础、条件之别,程序、举措、时限与进程也直接制约着变革的进度与成效,而且往往交互牵涉影响。如此,则清季改制进程的种种教训与警示,值得后世反省深思。
[Abstract]:In the late period of the New deal in the late Qing Dynasty, the extraterritorial political system was transplanted, and the change of official system was regarded as the forerunner of constitutional government. Before the start of the reform, the ruling and opposition officials and gentry, foreign politicians and newspapers and periodicals all questioned the basis and conditions for the establishment of the constitution in China, and severely criticized the gist, procedure and implementation measures of the reform plan for the official system. In particular, it dissuades and cautions the practice of the fast new deal, and believes that the new deal will inevitably end in chaos and rapid death if it acts in its own right. In this regard, the eager decision makers of the Qing government did not pay attention to it, and seldom took the corresponding countermeasures to adjust in time in order to correct the malpractice, which led to the intensification of internal and external contradictions, and instead, the life-saving Dan became the symbol of life. The social reform not only has the foundation, the condition difference, the procedure, the measure, the time limit and the process also directly restricts the progress and the result of the change, but also often interacts with the influence. In this way, all kinds of lessons and warnings in the reform process of Qing Dynasty are worthy of introspection.
【作者单位】：中山大学近代中国研究中心;
【分类号】：D691.2;D929;K257

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