抗战前国民政府的矿业政策与绩效评估

发布时间：2018-06-22 03:00

本文选题：国民政府 + 矿业政策　；参考：《历史教学(下半月刊)》2012年10期

【摘要】：战前国民政府的矿业政策以《矿业法》为核心,明确了国家在矿产勘探开发、矿权设定诸方面的权限,在某种程度上改变了外资任意侵占中国矿权的格局;面对各省土窑泛滥、矿业纠纷迭起、矿产无序开采且地方政府执行不力的局面,国民政府强化了国家对矿业的干预,将各矿置于政府的监督取缔之下。在战争阴云的笼罩下,国民政府的矿业政策体现出针对性、应急性和灵活性的特点。主要矿产由国家统制,有其特殊背景,是国民政府经济备战的重中之重。但也要看到,矿产统制对民营矿业来说无疑是一限制和打击,妨碍了民间投资办矿的热情,损害了部分矿商、矿工的权利,从而使国民政府矿业政策的绩效大打折扣。
[Abstract]:The mining policy of the national government before the war took the Mining Law as the core, defined the state's authority in mineral exploration and development and the establishment of mineral rights, to a certain extent, changed the pattern of foreign capital arbitrarily encroaching on China's mineral rights, faced with the proliferation of indigenous kilns in various provinces. Mining disputes have sprung up, mineral mining has been disorderly and local governments have failed to enforce the situation, the National Government has strengthened the state's intervention in the mining industry, putting the mines under the supervision of the government and outlawed them. Under the cloud of war, the mining policy of the National Government embodies the characteristics of pertinence, urgency and flexibility. The main mineral resources controlled by the state have their special background and are the top priority of the national government in preparing for war. But we should also see that the mineral control is undoubtedly a restriction and a blow to the private mining industry, which hinders the enthusiasm of private investment in mining, and damages the rights of some miners and miners, thus greatly reducing the performance of the national government's mining policy.
【作者单位】：湖北理工学院长江中游矿冶文化与经济社会发展研究中心;
【分类号】：D929;K262.9;D922.62

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