社会救助的道德思考

发布时间：2018-08-04 19:13

【摘要】： 社会福利和保障制度被称为社会成员的经济“安全网”和社会的“减震器”,所以,无论对个人,家庭,还是社会而言,它都有非常重大的意义。而社会救助是直接面对生活最困难人群的,即所谓“上无片瓦,下无立锥之地”的人,所以在很多国家都制定了最低支付标准线。可以想象,社会救助对那些无依无靠的流浪者和乞丐而言会有什么样的意义。在所有国家,社会救助都是面向弱势群体的,有针对性地解决他们最基本生活问题的,而当这些贫苦人口的基本生活能够得到保证时,就不会产生很大的不满和怨恨,这有利于社会的每个角落。同时,社会救助虽然属于社会收入的再分配,但它不会明显改变现有的收入分配格局,不会给人以“劫富济贫”的印象。那么在实施社会救助制度时,便不会引起其他社会成员的不满和排斥。有些国家认为,这种社会救助的受益者被打上了与众不同的烙印,所以是种耻辱。为了避免给接收社会救助的穷人带来耻辱感,这些国家就实行了普及性的福利计划。这种社会福利计划平等地针对全体国民。显然,我国政府没有注意到这一点,恰恰相反,我们的政府广泛的使用“救助”这个词,完全是为了显示政府的慷慨与关爱,至于可能给接受救助的人带来耻辱感,是完全被忽视的。政府的社会福利政策分别渗透在社会保险,社会救助,社会补贴等多项计划中,很难划清它们之间的界线,所以在讨论社会福利的过程中,我们将集中地讨论社会救助计划,因为它最集中地反映了政府的作用。所以,国家有责任对社会财富进行再分配,这不单是为了弥补市场经济的缺陷,也是政府应当拿出勇气,以肩负更多的责任,适应人民对它不断提升的要求,毕竟人们的期待总是不断改变的。扩大原有的社会福利是社会发展的必然。文章对社会救助问题的研究主要包括以下几个层面的内容：一、社会救助定义及其对象,二、社会救助的道德价值与道德原则,三、社会救助的责任主体及其道德责任,四、救助机构及其人员的道德责任,五、我国救助事业的展望
[Abstract]:Social welfare and security system is called the economic "safety net" of social members and the "shock absorber" of society, so it is of great significance to individuals, families and society. Social assistance is directly facing the most difficult people, that is, the so-called "no tile, no place to go", so in many countries have set the minimum payment standard line. Imagine what social assistance would mean to helpless vagrants and beggars. In all countries, social assistance is targeted at vulnerable groups and addresses their most basic livelihood problems, and when the basic livelihood of these poor people can be guaranteed, there is no great sense of discontent and resentment, This benefits every corner of society. At the same time, although social assistance belongs to the redistribution of social income, it will not obviously change the existing pattern of income distribution and will not give people the impression of "robbing the rich and helping the poor". Then in the implementation of the social assistance system, it will not cause other members of the dissatisfaction and exclusion. Some countries consider the beneficiaries of such social assistance to be stigmatized as distinctive. To avoid stigmatizing the poor who receive social assistance, these countries have introduced universal welfare programs. This social welfare scheme is equally targeted at all citizens. Obviously, my Government is not aware of this. On the contrary, our Government has used the word "rescue" extensively to show the generosity and care of the Government and to bring shame to those who may receive it. Is completely ignored. The social welfare policies of the government permeate social insurance, social assistance, social subsidies and many other programs respectively. It is very difficult to draw a line between them. Therefore, in the process of discussing social welfare, we will focus on social assistance plans. Because it reflects the role of government most. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the State to redistribute social wealth, not only in order to make up for the shortcomings of the market economy, but also because the government should have the courage to shoulder more responsibilities and adapt to the people's ever-increasing demands on it. After all, expectations are always changing. Expanding the original social welfare is the necessity of social development. The article mainly includes the following aspects: first, the definition and object of social assistance; second, the moral value and moral principle of social assistance; third, the subject of social assistance and its moral responsibility; The moral responsibility of the Rescue Organization and its personnel, Fifth, the Prospect of the Rescue cause of our country
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D90-05

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