“海瑞定理”、常理与疑难案件：对苏力、桑本谦命题的再探讨
发布时间：2018-08-10 17:52
【摘要】： 疑难案件在司法过程中虽然较少遇到,但却有着重要的意义。对疑难案件的恰当和合理处理,不仅体现了一个民族的智慧,而且还是一个民族进入或保持有序社会的标尺,更是现阶段我国进入法治/规则社会所必须解决的问题。 古今中外,对疑难案件的处理有各种方法和进路。在中国古代明朝,海瑞也总结出了他的处理疑难案件的经验和方法,苏力将他的经验归纳和总结为“海瑞定理”,并试图将其一般化。接着,桑本谦又将苏力的“海瑞定理”予以发展和扩充,从技术和制度层面提出了新的“海瑞定理”。本文将从理论和实证两个方面分析苏力和桑本谦的“海瑞定理”,指出其合理与不合理之处,并通过“常理”的引入,试图重新诠释“海瑞定理”,并为疑难案件的处理提供一种虽然不新但却简单和实用的方法。 本文除前言和结论外共有四章。 第一章简要介绍苏力和桑本谦各自归纳的“海瑞定理”。 第二章从主观效用和幸福的角度分析了苏力的海瑞定理的合理与不合理之处,并对其进行了进一步的完善。 第三章通过引入苏力的主观效用变量对桑本谦的海瑞定理进行考察,发现桑本谦的海瑞定理ⅡC、D和F不宜进行主观效用比较;而且通过对“沉没成本理性”和“公平感”的引入,发现桑本谦对“抽象错判概率”优于“具体错判概率”的分析是不成立的,现实中要具体分析;另外,还分析了法官的“常理推断”相对于桑本谦的“海瑞定理”的优越性。 第四章通过对法官的访谈表明,无论是苏力的海瑞定理还是桑本谦的海瑞定理,在现实中法官都很少予以考虑,而“常理推断”则是有时不得不用的一种决策方法,而且“海瑞定理”背后其实隐藏了法官的常理推断;最后,又从理论上分析了“常理推断”这种“简捷启发式”或“直观推断”的合理性和简捷性。
[Abstract]:Although difficult cases are seldom encountered in the judicial process, they are of great significance. Proper and reasonable handling of difficult cases not only reflects the wisdom of a nation, but also reflects the criterion for a nation to enter or maintain an orderly society, and is a problem that must be solved when China enters a rule of law/rule society at this stage.
In ancient China and Ming Dynasty, Hai Rui also summed up his experience and methods in dealing with difficult cases. Su Li summed up his experience as "Hai Rui Theorem" and tried to generalize it. This paper will analyze Su Li and Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui Theorem" from both theoretical and empirical aspects, point out its rationality and irrationality, and try to reinterpret "Hai Rui Theorem" through the introduction of "common sense", and provide a kind of although not for the handling of difficult cases. New but simple and practical method.
In addition to the foreword and conclusion, there are four chapters in this paper.
The first chapter briefly introduces the "Hai Rui theorem" summarized by Su Li and sang Ben Qian.
The second chapter analyzes the rationality and irrationality of Suli's Hairui theorem from the perspective of subjective utility and happiness, and further improves it.
In Chapter 3, by introducing the subjective utility variable of Su Li, the author investigates Sang Benqian's Hai Rui Theorem, and finds that the Hai Rui Theorem II C, D and F of Sang Benqian is not suitable for subjective utility comparison; moreover, by introducing "sunk cost rationality" and "sense of fairness", he finds that Sang Benqian's "abstract misjudgment probability" is superior to "concrete misjudgment probability". In addition, the superiority of the judge's "common sense inference" over Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui theorem" is also analyzed.
Chapter Four through interviews with judges shows that neither Sulli's Hairui Theorem nor Sangbenqian's Hairui Theorem is given much consideration by judges in reality, while "common sense inference" is sometimes a decision-making method that has to be used, and "Hairui Theorem" actually hides the judge's common sense inference behind it. The rationality and simplicity of the simple heuristic or intuitive inference of "common sense inference" are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929
本文编号：2175747
[Abstract]:Although difficult cases are seldom encountered in the judicial process, they are of great significance. Proper and reasonable handling of difficult cases not only reflects the wisdom of a nation, but also reflects the criterion for a nation to enter or maintain an orderly society, and is a problem that must be solved when China enters a rule of law/rule society at this stage.
In ancient China and Ming Dynasty, Hai Rui also summed up his experience and methods in dealing with difficult cases. Su Li summed up his experience as "Hai Rui Theorem" and tried to generalize it. This paper will analyze Su Li and Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui Theorem" from both theoretical and empirical aspects, point out its rationality and irrationality, and try to reinterpret "Hai Rui Theorem" through the introduction of "common sense", and provide a kind of although not for the handling of difficult cases. New but simple and practical method.
In addition to the foreword and conclusion, there are four chapters in this paper.
The first chapter briefly introduces the "Hai Rui theorem" summarized by Su Li and sang Ben Qian.
The second chapter analyzes the rationality and irrationality of Suli's Hairui theorem from the perspective of subjective utility and happiness, and further improves it.
In Chapter 3, by introducing the subjective utility variable of Su Li, the author investigates Sang Benqian's Hai Rui Theorem, and finds that the Hai Rui Theorem II C, D and F of Sang Benqian is not suitable for subjective utility comparison; moreover, by introducing "sunk cost rationality" and "sense of fairness", he finds that Sang Benqian's "abstract misjudgment probability" is superior to "concrete misjudgment probability". In addition, the superiority of the judge's "common sense inference" over Sang Benqian's "Hai Rui theorem" is also analyzed.
Chapter Four through interviews with judges shows that neither Sulli's Hairui Theorem nor Sangbenqian's Hairui Theorem is given much consideration by judges in reality, while "common sense inference" is sometimes a decision-making method that has to be used, and "Hairui Theorem" actually hides the judge's common sense inference behind it. The rationality and simplicity of the simple heuristic or intuitive inference of "common sense inference" are analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：厦门大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D929
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