论我国立法中的利益表达机制
发布时间：2018-11-11 11:07
【摘要】： 改革开放30年来,我国社会发生了深刻的变化,经济体制深刻变革,社会结构深刻变动,利益格局深刻调整,思想观念深刻变化。这一系列变革、变动、调整和变化,造成了我国社会结构的分层和社会利益的分化,表现为社会的多层化和利益主体的多元化。 社会资源是有限的,而对资源的争夺却是一种社会常态。从本质上而言,立法是通过在社会成员之间对权利、权力、义务、责任进行权威配置,进而调整社会关系,维护社会秩序。因此,全体社会成员的利益和价值诉求有效地在立法过程中进行表达,不仅是立法程序正义的要求,更是促进立法实体公正的前提条件。 从我国近来年的一些典型立法事件,可以窥探出在我国立法过程中利益表达机制的不健全和不完善,这已经成为影响我国立法公正的不利因素。因此,应当在利益表达的制度上、利益表达的主体上、利益表达的程序上进行完善,从而有助于实现立法公平和社会和谐。本文共分为三个部分： 第一部分从对利益的界定入手,结合经济学“资源的稀缺性”和“经济人”两个理论假设,推导出社会成员进行利益表达的内在驱动力。进而分析在立法过程中,社会成员进行利益表达的两种主要方式。而后着重从利益表达在立法过程中所起的作用入手,论述了完善的利益表达机制对于体现立法的程序正义,促进立法的实体公正所起到的积极作用,从而推论出完善我国立法过程中利益表达机制的重要性和紧迫性。 第二部分通过对我国现阶段典型法律事件的分析,总结出强势利益群体和弱势利益群体在利益表达能力上的严重失衡。文章从三个方面分析了造成我国现阶段立法过程中利益表达失衡的原因,并归纳为对利益表达的制度性限制,对利益表达的主体性限制和对利益表达的程序性限制等三个方面的原因。 第三部分根据罗尔斯“社会正义原则”的要求,即社会体制必须做出最有利于最少受惠者的安排,得出必须建立并完善立法过程中的利益表达机制,使立法能够真正聚集全社会的智力,体现不同利益群体的多元利益。与第三部分提出的原因相对应,第四部分提出了完善利益表达的途径,分别为促进立法模式的转型,保障利益表达主体的多元化以及完善利益表达机制的程序等三个方面的建议。
[Abstract]:During the past 30 years of reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place in our society, including the economic system, the social structure, the adjustment of the pattern of interests, and the profound changes in our ideology. This series of changes, adjustments and changes have resulted in the stratification of social structure and the differentiation of social interests in our country, which are manifested in the multilayer of society and the diversification of the main body of interest. Social resources are limited, but the competition for resources is a social norm. In essence, legislation is to regulate social relations and maintain social order through the authoritative allocation of rights, powers, obligations and responsibilities among members of society. Therefore, the interests and value demands of all social members are effectively expressed in the legislative process, which is not only the requirement of legislative procedure justice, but also the prerequisite to promote the legislative entity justice. From some typical legislative events in recent years in our country, we can find out the imperfection and imperfection of interest expression mechanism in the process of legislation in our country, which has become the unfavorable factor that affects the justice of legislation in our country. Therefore, we should perfect the system of interest expression, the subject of interest expression and the procedure of interest expression, which will help to realize legislative fairness and social harmony. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part begins with the definition of interest and deduces the internal driving force of social members' interest expression by combining the theoretical hypotheses of "scarcity of resources" and "economic man" in economics. Then it analyzes the two main ways of social members expressing their interests in the legislative process. Then, from the point of view of the role of interest expression in the legislative process, this paper discusses the positive role of the perfect interest expression mechanism in embodying the procedural justice of the legislation and promoting the substantive justice of the legislation. Thus, the importance and urgency of perfecting the mechanism of interest expression in the legislative process of our country are inferred. The second part through the analysis of the typical legal events at the present stage of our country summarizes the serious imbalance between the strong interest group and the weak interest group in the interest expression ability. This paper analyzes the causes of the imbalance of interest expression in the current legislative process of our country from three aspects, and concludes it as the institutional restriction on the expression of interest. There are three reasons: subjective restriction on interest expression and procedural restriction on interest expression. In the third part, according to Rawls'"principle of Social Justice", that is, the social system must make the most favorable arrangements for the least beneficiaries, and draw the conclusion that the mechanism of interest expression in the legislative process must be established and perfected. So that legislation can truly gather the intelligence of the whole society and reflect the diverse interests of different interest groups. Corresponding to the reasons proposed in the third part, the fourth part puts forward ways to improve the expression of interests, respectively, to promote the transformation of the legislative model. Three suggestions are put forward, such as the diversification of the subject of interest expression and the procedure of perfecting the mechanism of interest expression.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D920.0
本文编号：2324648
[Abstract]:During the past 30 years of reform and opening up, profound changes have taken place in our society, including the economic system, the social structure, the adjustment of the pattern of interests, and the profound changes in our ideology. This series of changes, adjustments and changes have resulted in the stratification of social structure and the differentiation of social interests in our country, which are manifested in the multilayer of society and the diversification of the main body of interest. Social resources are limited, but the competition for resources is a social norm. In essence, legislation is to regulate social relations and maintain social order through the authoritative allocation of rights, powers, obligations and responsibilities among members of society. Therefore, the interests and value demands of all social members are effectively expressed in the legislative process, which is not only the requirement of legislative procedure justice, but also the prerequisite to promote the legislative entity justice. From some typical legislative events in recent years in our country, we can find out the imperfection and imperfection of interest expression mechanism in the process of legislation in our country, which has become the unfavorable factor that affects the justice of legislation in our country. Therefore, we should perfect the system of interest expression, the subject of interest expression and the procedure of interest expression, which will help to realize legislative fairness and social harmony. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part begins with the definition of interest and deduces the internal driving force of social members' interest expression by combining the theoretical hypotheses of "scarcity of resources" and "economic man" in economics. Then it analyzes the two main ways of social members expressing their interests in the legislative process. Then, from the point of view of the role of interest expression in the legislative process, this paper discusses the positive role of the perfect interest expression mechanism in embodying the procedural justice of the legislation and promoting the substantive justice of the legislation. Thus, the importance and urgency of perfecting the mechanism of interest expression in the legislative process of our country are inferred. The second part through the analysis of the typical legal events at the present stage of our country summarizes the serious imbalance between the strong interest group and the weak interest group in the interest expression ability. This paper analyzes the causes of the imbalance of interest expression in the current legislative process of our country from three aspects, and concludes it as the institutional restriction on the expression of interest. There are three reasons: subjective restriction on interest expression and procedural restriction on interest expression. In the third part, according to Rawls'"principle of Social Justice", that is, the social system must make the most favorable arrangements for the least beneficiaries, and draw the conclusion that the mechanism of interest expression in the legislative process must be established and perfected. So that legislation can truly gather the intelligence of the whole society and reflect the diverse interests of different interest groups. Corresponding to the reasons proposed in the third part, the fourth part puts forward ways to improve the expression of interests, respectively, to promote the transformation of the legislative model. Three suggestions are put forward, such as the diversification of the subject of interest expression and the procedure of perfecting the mechanism of interest expression.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D920.0
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