德沃金平等观探究

发布时间：2019-01-09 07:18

【摘要】： 德沃金作为20世纪美国著名的平等主义哲学家,其思想对平等观的建设有着重要的作用。本文试图对德沃金的平等理论做一个认真深刻的分析和挖掘,也希望通过对该理论的分析,为我们进一步认清和解决我国当前的平等建设问题提供某种参考。在《认真对待权利》中,德沃金宣称他的权利思想的核心是平等而不是自由,本文主要围绕德沃金平等观进行论述。德沃金的权利正义理论是在美国社会矛盾尖锐的情况下提出来的,要想研究德沃金的理论,离不开当时特定的社会背景和理论前提,因此本文的第一章会简要阐述德沃金平等观的理论基础;第二、三章是本文的重点,具体地概述了德沃金平等观的内涵及本人对这一理论的得失思考,首先,德沃金认为他的平等思想,是建立在个人主义的两个基本原则基础之上的,在这两个基本原则的基础上,怎样才能落实平等的关注与尊重呢?德沃金认为应该在经济上采用市场的手段,为此,他构建了“资源平等”的模型来解释怎样在市场中达到平等分配,而在政治上他认为应采用合宪式民主制。当然,他的理论有它的合理性亦有局限性,那本文会从这两个方面分别论述德沃金平等理论的得失;第四章理论联系实际,把德沃金的平等理论与当代中国实际情况相结合,论述他的理论可以为我们所用的地方。当前经济全球化趋势不可逆转,市场经济的冲击愈演愈烈,在巨大的利益面前,应该怎样分配才能达到一种平等,在各种因素面前,怎样做才算是平等,作为美国新自由主义的代表人物,德沃金提出的平等观,值得我们深思。本文抛砖引玉,对德沃金的理论进行几点反思,以期引起同仁们的共鸣。
[Abstract]:As a famous American egalitarian philosopher in the 20 ~ (th) century, Dworkin's thought plays an important role in the construction of equality. This paper attempts to make a serious and profound analysis and excavation of Dworkin's equality theory and hopes to provide some reference for us to further recognize and solve the problem of equality construction in our country through the analysis of this theory. In "take Rights seriously", Dworkin claims that the core of his thought of right is equality rather than freedom. Dworkin's theory of right and justice was put forward under the circumstances of sharp social contradictions in the United States. To study Dworkin's theory, it was inseparable from the specific social background and theoretical premise at that time. Therefore, the first chapter of this paper will briefly explain the theoretical basis of Dworkin's theory of equality; The second and third chapters are the emphases of this paper, which concretely summarize the connotation of Dworkin's theory of equality and his own thinking about the gain and loss of this theory. First, Dworkin thinks that his equal thought is based on two basic principles of individualism. On the basis of these two basic principles, how can equal attention and respect be realized? Dworkin thought that market should be used in economy, so he built a model of "equal resources" to explain how to achieve equal distribution in the market, and politically he thought that constitutional democracy should be adopted. Of course, his theory has its rationality and limitations, so this paper will discuss the gains and losses of Dworkin's equality theory from these two aspects. The fourth chapter combines Dworkin's theory of equality with the actual situation of contemporary China and discusses where his theory can be used for us. The current trend of economic globalization is irreversible, and the impact of the market economy is intensifying. In the face of enormous interests, how should we distribute to achieve equality? in the face of all kinds of factors, what can be considered equality? As the representative of American neoliberalism, Dworkin's view of equality is worth our thinking. This paper makes some reflections on Dworkin's theory in order to resonate with his colleagues.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：D90

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