环境侵权第三人责任问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:18

本文选题：环境污染侵权责任　切入点：第三人过错　出处：《华中科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：环境问题作为一个全球化问题，已经成为了人们无法逃避的问题。环境问题日益严重，越来越多的人意识到了保护环境对和谐社会的影响。从2012年开始我国开始实施《环境空气质量标准（修订）》，全国多个地方开始采用PM2.5新标准检测环境，虽然这只对于我国环境保护作用甚微，但相是随着越来越多类似环境保护方案的提出，人们环境保护的意识会越来越强，我国的环境污染问题将得到有效地改善。我国的环境问题已经日趋严重，第三人原因导致的环境污染问题虽然时有发生，却未得到应有的重视，我国学者关于这方面的研究也屈指可数，笔者希望通过本文对第三人责任问题的分析，使得这类问题得到更多关注，并且清成关于此类问题更用尽的法律规定。本文从第三人的概念入手，分析第三人过错对环境污染侵权责任的影响，探讨第三人过错能否成为环境侵权的免责事由，由此，将环境安全注意义务理论引入环境侵权中，通过污染者承担环境安全注意义务的法理研究，探讨第三人过错下污染者责任承担的方式。最后，以2006年胜利油田特大原油污染案为例引入污染者违反环境安全注意义务的责任构成要件，通过无过错责任原则与过错责任原则区别，分析对比环境污染侵权责任构成要件及第三人责任构成要件，从而得出第三人过错导致环境侵权时，第三人过错能够作为污染者的免责事由，只是污染者仍应承担其因违反环境安全注意义务的所引起的责任，责任的大小由其所应承担的环境安全注意义务的大小来决定。而第三人责任的承担，则应满足一般侵权责任的构成要件，根据第三人的过错，造成的损害等因素决定其承担责任的大小。
[Abstract]:As a global problem, the environmental problem has become an unavoidable problem. The environmental problem is becoming more and more serious. More and more people are aware of the impact of environmental protection on a harmonious society. Since 2012, China has been implementing the Environmental Air quality Standard (revised), and many places throughout the country have started to adopt the new PM2.5 standard for testing the environment. Although this has little effect on environmental protection in China, as more and more similar environmental protection programs are proposed, people's awareness of environmental protection will become stronger and stronger. The problem of environmental pollution in our country will be effectively improved. The environmental problem of our country has become more and more serious. Although the environmental pollution problem caused by the third person cause has occurred from time to time, it has not received the due attention. The author hopes that through the analysis of the liability of the third party in this paper, this kind of problems will get more attention. This paper starts with the concept of the third party, analyzes the influence of the third party's fault on the environmental pollution tort liability, and discusses whether the third party's fault can become the exemption reason of the environmental tort. This paper introduces the theory of environmental safety duty of care into environmental tort, through the study of the legal principle that polluters bear the duty of care for environmental safety, and probes into the way to bear the liability of polluters under the fault of the third party. Finally, Taking the case of oil pollution in Shengli Oilfield in 2006 as an example, the paper introduces the constitutive elements of polluters' responsibility to violate the duty of care for environmental safety, and distinguishes between the principle of no-fault liability and the principle of fault liability. By analyzing and comparing the constitutive requirements of liability for environmental pollution tort and the constitutive requirements of liability of third party, it is concluded that the fault of the third party can be regarded as the disclaimer of the polluter when the fault of the third party leads to the infringement of the environment. Only that the polluter should still bear the responsibility arising from the breach of the duty of care for environmental safety, the magnitude of which is determined by the magnitude of the duty of care for environmental safety, and the liability of the third party, It should satisfy the constitutive requirements of the general tort liability and decide the size of the liability according to the fault of the third party and the damage caused by the third party.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D923;D922.68

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