论我国土壤污染防治法律制度的完善

发布时间：2018-03-30 04:07

本文选题：土壤污染　切入点：棕地　出处：《郑州大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 作为地球上一切生命生存所需的支持系统,土壤生态环境系统具有着特别重要的意义。然而,近年来经济迅速发展使得我国土壤生态环境业已面临严重的威胁。因为土壤污染具有很多不同于其他元素污染的主要特征,也有着其他环境元素污染来源的主要形式,这就决定了在土壤污染的防治方面需要很多特殊的方法和制度。土壤污染的防治已经成为一个世界性课题,引起了世界上大多数国家的重视,特别是在法律方面的规制也愈加完善。在多年治理环境污染的经验基础之上,美国等发达国家已经建立了相对比较合理的土壤污染防治法律体系,在世界范围内树立了土壤污染防治的成功范例,较好的运用了行政管理为主、经济刺激为辅、公众参与为补充的土壤污染防治的综合管理法律体系。本文在结合国内外的法律实践,探究了土壤污染治理的法学基本原理,指出了国家责任理论、污染者负担理论、环境正义理论和环境安全理论是土壤污染防治的法律理论依据。同时,本文介绍了美国先进的土壤污染防治法律制度的构建和棕地治理再开发、再利用的法律的演变过程,探寻其先进的法律意义,为我国土壤污染防治法律制度的构建提供了借鉴意义。目前,我国的土壤污染防治法律制度已经有了初步的架构,但是远远不能应对日益严峻的土壤污染形势。响应国内著名环境法学者的号召,本人指出应该尽快制定一部土壤污染防治基本法以对我国的土壤污染状况的改善作出法律上的体系化安排。在这部法律中,我们首先应该明确其立法的目的和指导思想,确定可持续发展的立法理念。其次,应该确立严格的管理制度体系和责任追究制度。最后,应该完善环境保护的信息公开制度和公众参与制度。
[Abstract]:As a supporting system for the survival of all life on earth, the soil ecological system is of particular importance. However, In recent years, the rapid development of economy has made the soil ecological environment of our country face serious threat, because soil pollution has many main characteristics which are different from other elements pollution, but also has the main form of other environmental elements pollution source. This determines that the prevention and control of soil pollution needs a lot of special methods and systems. The prevention and control of soil pollution has become a worldwide issue, which has attracted the attention of most countries in the world, especially in the legal aspects of regulation is increasingly perfect. On the basis of many years of experience in environmental pollution control, The United States and other developed countries have established a relatively reasonable legal system for the prevention and control of soil pollution. They have set up a successful example of soil pollution prevention and control around the world. Based on the legal practice at home and abroad, this paper probes into the basic principles of the law of soil pollution control, and points out the theory of national responsibility, the theory of polluter's burden, and the legal system of comprehensive management of soil pollution, which is supplemented by public participation. The theory of environmental justice and the theory of environmental security are the legal theoretical basis of soil pollution prevention and control. At the same time, this paper introduces the construction of the advanced legal system of soil pollution prevention and control in the United States and the evolution of the law of redeveloping and reusing the brown land. Exploring its advanced legal significance provides a reference for the construction of the legal system of soil pollution prevention and control in China. At present, the legal system of soil pollution prevention and control in China has a preliminary framework, but it is far from being able to cope with the increasingly serious situation of soil pollution. I pointed out that a basic law on the prevention and control of soil pollution should be formulated as soon as possible in order to make legal systematization arrangements for the improvement of the situation of soil pollution in China. In this law, we should first clarify the purpose and guiding ideology of its legislation. Secondly, we should establish strict management system and accountability system. Finally, we should perfect the information disclosure system and public participation system of environmental protection.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

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