科学发展观视野下我国《环境保护法》之完善

发布时间：2018-04-14 00:25

本文选题：《环境保护法》 + 科学发展观　；参考：《江苏大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国现行《中华人民共和国环境保护法》(以下简称《环境保护法》)修订于1989年,它确立了我国环境保护法律体系的基本框架,推动了国家和地方的环境立法工作以及国家各项环境保护单行法律法规的制定。不可否认,这部法律曾在我国的环境保护工作中发挥过重要的作用。这部法律从颁布至今,已经走过了二十多个年头。二十多年来我国的国家形势发生了重大的变化,已经实现由计划经济向市场经济的转变,国家经济迅速发展,人民生活水平显著提高,环境形势也发生了重大变化,很多同时期的其他环境保护单行法律被修订,同时也制定了多部新的环境保护单行法律。《环境保护法》已经不能与整个环境法律体系相适应,不能符合科学发展观的要求。《环境保护法》的完善已成为当务之急,对其进行研究,具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文回顾了当代中国环境法的演变与发展,从总体上把握中国环境法的变迁过程,论证了科学发展观指导《环境保护法》完善的可行性,从立法指导思想、立法层次、基本原则、基本制度和环境权等方面深入探讨分析了目前我国《环境保护法》中存在的一些问题,对比研究了部分国家和地区的环境保护基本法,并在此基础上有针对性地提出了一系列完善我国《环境保护法》的建议：以科学发展观作为立法指导思想,提高立法层次；调整“环境保护同经济、社会发展相协调”原则为“环境保护同经济、社会可持续发展”原则,调整“预防为主、防治结合、综合治理”原则为“污染源头预防为主、防治结合、综合治理”原则,“环境责任”原则中应当增加“政府对环境负责”的内容,增加协作原则,使《环境保护法》基本原则更加符合科学发展观；完善环境影响评价制度、“三同时”制度、排污收费制度和限期治理制度,并建立清洁生产制度、淘汰制度、增加环保投入制度和突发环境事故应急制度这些新的制度；确立并完善公民的环境权。本文旨在让我国《环境保护法》真正成为以科学发展观为指导思想的,由人大制定的高位阶的,基本原则和基本制度更合理的,环境权更完善的,更加符合我国国情的,真正意义上的环境保护基本法,以期对我国环境法制建设和环境问题的改善有所裨益。
[Abstract]:The current Environmental Protection Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "Environmental Protection Law") was amended in 1989. It establishes the basic framework of the legal system of environmental protection in China.Promote the national and local environmental legislation and national environmental protection laws and regulations.Undeniably, this law has played an important role in environmental protection in China.The law has gone through more than 20 years since it was promulgated.Over the past two decades and more, major changes have taken place in the national situation in our country, with the transition from a planned economy to a market economy, the rapid development of the national economy, the remarkable improvement in the living standards of the people, and major changes in the environmental situation.Many other environmental laws of the same period have been amended, and many new laws on environmental protection have been enacted. The Environmental Protection Act is no longer compatible with the entire environmental legal system.The perfection of the Environmental Protection Law has become an urgent matter. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study it.This paper reviews the evolution and development of contemporary Chinese environmental law, grasps the vicissitude process of Chinese environmental law on the whole, and proves the feasibility of guiding the perfection of "Environmental Protection Law" by the scientific development view, from the legislative guiding ideology and the legislative level.The basic principles, basic systems and environmental rights are discussed and analyzed in depth, and some problems existing in the Environmental Protection Law of our country are analyzed, and the basic laws of environmental protection in some countries and regions are comparatively studied.On this basis, a series of suggestions are put forward to perfect the Environmental Protection Law of our country: to take the scientific development view as the guiding ideology of legislation, to raise the legislative level, to adjust the relationship between environmental protection and economy,The principle of coordinating social development is the principle of "environmental protection, economic and social sustainable development", and the principle of adjusting the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and control, comprehensive management" is the principle of "prevention of pollution at source, combination of prevention and control".In the principle of "environmental responsibility", the contents of "government responsibility for the environment" should be added, and the principle of cooperation should be added to make the basic principles of the Environmental Protection Law more in line with the scientific concept of development, and the system of environmental impact assessment should be improved, and the system of "three simultaneous" should be improved.The new system of sewage charge system and deadline treatment system, the establishment of cleaner production system, the elimination system, the increase of environmental protection input system and the emergency system of environmental accident, the establishment and improvement of citizens' environmental rights.The purpose of this paper is to make the Environmental Protection Law of our country become more reasonable in basic principles and systems, more perfect in environmental rights and more in line with the national conditions of our country, with the scientific development view as the guiding ideology, the basic principles and the basic system being more reasonable, and the people's Congress as the guiding ideology.The basic law of environmental protection in real sense is expected to benefit the construction of environmental legal system and the improvement of environmental problems in China.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D922.68

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