环境侵权民事诉讼举证责任之研究

发布时间：2018-05-26 05:22

本文选题：环境侵权 + 举证责任分配　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前,随着我国环保事业越来越多地渗透到了社会发展的各个层面,公民的环境保护意识和维权意识日益加强,环境侵权的民事诉讼案件随之呈现出迅速上升的趋势。但是因为环境侵权诉讼的特殊性和环境侵权纠纷的多样性,传统的举证责任分配理论有许多地方已不再适用于环境侵权诉讼。因此,各国都在不断地调整和改革环境侵权诉讼当中的举证责任分配理论。我国在环境侵权诉讼举证责任的分配上虽然有了举证责任倒置这一立法创新,但这一制度规定的基本原则和基本规则尚存在不尽完善之处。本文详细分析了我国环境侵权举证责任分配理论在司法实践中存在的诸多问题,在对国外环境侵权诉讼举证责任分配理论的创新进行分析和比较后,提出举证责任的分配不应当拘泥于统一的通说,而是应根据具体的案件情况规定开放性、灵活性的举证责任分配制度。即本着法律公平公正的原则,结合环境诉讼自身所具有的特殊性,将举证的难易程度、对诉讼双方当事人的平等保护等多个因素综合起来考虑和衡量,最终确定出能够体现平等价值的举证责任分配制度,以此来适应环境侵权诉讼的特殊性和环境侵权纠纷的多样性,更好地约束不法分子的行为,达到法律最大的包容性。
[Abstract]:At present, with more and more environmental protection undertakings infiltrating into the various levels of social development, citizens' awareness of environmental protection and protection of rights is increasingly strengthened, and the civil litigation cases of environmental infringement have shown a rapid upward trend. However, due to the particularity of environmental tort litigation and the diversity of environmental tort disputes, the traditional burden of proof distribution theory is no longer applicable to environmental tort litigation. Therefore, countries are constantly adjusting and reforming the distribution of burden of proof in environmental tort litigation. Although there has been legislative innovation in the distribution of burden of proof in environmental tort litigation, the basic principles and basic rules stipulated in this system are still imperfect. This paper analyzes in detail the problems existing in the judicial practice of the distribution theory of the burden of proof of environmental tort in China. After analyzing and comparing the innovation of the theory of the distribution of the burden of proof in environmental tort litigation abroad, It is suggested that the allocation of the burden of proof should not be confined to the unified general theory, but should be based on a flexible and open system of distribution of the burden of proof according to the specific circumstances of the case. That is, based on the principle of legal fairness and justice, combined with the particularity of environmental litigation itself, the degree of difficulty and ease of proof and the equal protection of both parties to a lawsuit are considered and measured. Finally, it determines the distribution system of burden of proof, which can reflect the equal value, so as to adapt to the particularity of environmental tort litigation and the diversity of environmental tort disputes, better restrain the behavior of lawbreakers, and achieve the maximum legal inclusiveness.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D925.1;D922.68

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