循环经济视角下生产者责任延伸制度研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 14:17

本文选题：生产者责任延伸制度 + 循环经济　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,我国的资源短缺和环境恶化问题日益突出。传统的粗放型的生产模式以高污染、高消耗为特点,已经不利于我国经济的可持续发展。循环经济的发展模式颠覆了传统的粗放型的生产模式,它以资源的减量化(Reduce、再利用(Reuse)、资源化(Resource)为核心,是解决资源短缺、环境恶化及实现我国可持续发展的重要途径。循环经济战略的实施需要与之相匹配的责任体系。在生产者责任体系中,传统责任边界的划分使得生产者缺乏对产品进行回收利用的动力和约束力。我国2009年1月1日施行的《循环经济促进法》第十五条规定了生产者责任延伸制度,该制度的合理性在于它将生产者的责任范围延伸至产品废弃后的阶段,从而能够有效的促进生产者从产品的整个生命周期着眼,改进产品的设计和生产工艺,并重新组织其经营方式,促进产品废弃后的循环利用,从而推动循环经济的发展。该制度在我国正式建立不久,其规定还比较原则化,废弃产品的强制回收名录也迟未公布,其实施机制还需进一步完善。本文是以循环经济的发展模式为依托,通过借鉴国外的相关经验,进一步探讨我国生产者责任延伸制度的内涵、发展的历程、存在的问题、责任主体、责任内容、实施对象及运作的法律机制。笔者希望通过提出有效的建议来完善我国生产者责任延伸制度的实施机制,使其有法可依、有章可循。本文分为四章。第一章是有关生产者责任延伸制度的基本概述,分三个部分。第一部分阐述了生产者责任延伸制度的内涵及核心,指出生产者责任延伸制度是国家为了应对产品废弃物污染所指定或认可的,对生产者承担延伸责任起到引导、促进或强制作用的一系列法律规范的总和。生产者延伸责任指以生产者为主导的责任主体在产品的整个生命周期中所承担的“绿色设计”责任、废弃物回收、处置和循环利用责任等。第二部分阐述了生产者延伸责任与产品责任的区别,在比较中识别生产者责任延伸制度与其他相关责任制度的不同之处。第三部分阐述了生产者责任延伸制度的理论基础。笔者从环境权、产品生命周期、外部性内部化理论、利益分析理论等方面阐述了该制度的理论基础。第二章论述了循环经济对生产者责任延伸制度的导向功能。总共分为两个部分,第一部分概述了循环经济的内涵和原则,指出循环经济是在生产、流通和消费过程中进行的减量化、再利用、资源化活动的总称,减量化、再利用和资源化是它的基本原则。第二部分阐述循环经济和生产者责任延伸制度的关系,指出循环经济对生产者责任延伸制度的导向功能,生产者责任延伸制度是循环经济的保障。第三章是生产者责任延伸制度国内外比较研究。本章分为两个部分,第一部分是对瑞典、德国、美国、日本、欧盟的生产者责任延伸制度的立法及实施情况进行比较研究,并总结其特点,分析各国可供我国借鉴及注意的地方。第二部分阐述我国生产者责任延伸制度的立法的历程及实施现状,提出目前存在的问题和困境。对国外的生产者责任延伸制度的比较研究及对我国现状的分析,为第四章的构建及完善建议打下基础,已备于有的放矢。第四章是我国生产者责任延伸制度的构建和完善。第一部分制度构建中,笔者以我国现有法律制度为依据,并结合其不足之处,界定且完善了我国生产者责任延伸制度的责任主体、内容、实施对象、回收体系和诉讼机制。第二部分则从以下几个方面提出了完善的建议：1.完善立法体系；2.完善环境税费制度；3.加强环境监督管理；4.完善信息披露制度；5.大力发展静脉产业和生产者责任延伸组织；6.增强公众参与意识,发扬创新精神。
[Abstract]:Since twenty-first Century, the shortage of resources and the deterioration of the environment in China have become increasingly prominent. The traditional extensive production mode is characterized by high pollution and high consumption, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of China's economy. The development model of the circular economy subverts the traditional model of extensive production, which is reduced by the Reduce. Reuse) Resource is the core of solving the shortage of resources, worsening the environment and realizing the sustainable development of our country.
In the producer responsibility system, the division of the traditional responsibility boundary makes the producers lack the power and binding force on the recovery and utilization of the products in the producer responsibility system. In January 1, 2009, the fifteenth article of the circular economy promotion law in China stipulates the extension system of producer responsibility. The rationality of the degree is that it extends the producer's responsibility to the stage of product abandonment, which can effectively promote the producer's whole life cycle, improve the design and production process of the product, reorganize its operation mode, promote the recycling of the product after abandonment, and promote the development of the circular economy. The system has been formally established in China, and its provisions are more principled. The list of compulsory recycling of abandoned products has not been published, and its implementation mechanism needs to be further improved.
This article is based on the development model of circular economy, and further explores the connotation, the course of development, the existing problems, the subject of responsibility, the content of responsibility, the content of responsibility, the object and the legal mechanism of operation. The writer hopes to improve the producers of our country by putting forward effective suggestions. The implementation mechanism of the responsibility extension system enables it to follow the law and follow the rules.
This article is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is the basic outline of the extension system of producer responsibility. The first part is divided into three parts. The first part expounds the connotation and core of the extension system of producer responsibility, and points out that the extended producer responsibility system is designated or approved by the state in order to cope with the pollution of product waste. The sum of a series of legal norms for guidance, promotion or coercion. The producer extended responsibility refers to the "green design" responsibility, waste recycling, disposal and recycling responsibility, which the producer led main body takes in the whole life cycle of the product. The second part expounds the area of the producer extension responsibility and the product liability. The difference between the producer responsibility extension system and the other related responsibility system is identified in the comparison. The third part expounds the theoretical basis of the extension system of producer responsibility. The author expounds the theoretical basis of the system from the aspects of environmental rights, product life cycle, externality internalization theory and interest analysis theory.
The second chapter expounds the guiding function of circular economy to the extension system of producer responsibility. It is divided into two parts. The first part outlines the connotation and principles of the circular economy, and points out that the circular economy is the reduction, reuse, the general term of the resource based activities in the process of production, circulation and consumption. The second part expounds the relationship between the circular economy and the extension system of producer responsibility, and points out the guiding function of the circular economy to the extension system of producer responsibility, and the extension system of producer responsibility is the guarantee of the circular economy.
The third chapter is the comparative study of the producer responsibility extension system both at home and abroad. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first part is a comparative study of the legislation and implementation of the extended system of producer responsibility in Sweden, Germany, the United States, Japan and the EU. The characteristics are summarized and the places for reference and attention in China are analyzed in the second part. The course of the legislation of the extended producer responsibility system in China and the current situation of its implementation put forward the existing problems and difficulties. The comparative study of the extended producer responsibility system in foreign countries and the analysis of the current situation in China have laid the foundation for the construction and improvement of the fourth chapters.
The fourth chapter is the construction and perfection of the extension system of producer responsibility in our country. In the first part of the system construction, the author takes the existing legal system of our country as the basis, and combines its shortcomings, defines and perfects the responsibility subject of the extension system of producer responsibility in our country, the content, the implementation of the image, the recovery system and the litigation mechanism. The second part is from the following Several suggestions are put forward: 1. perfect the legislative system; 2. improve the environmental tax and fee system; 3. strengthen environmental supervision and management; 4. improve the information disclosure system; 5. vigorously develop the extension organization of the venous industry and producer responsibility; 6. enhance the public participation consciousness and carry forward the spirit of innovation.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.6;F205

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