电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 12:51

【摘要】：生产者责任延伸制度是循环经济的一项基本制度，电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度是该制度的重要组成部分，对清洁生产、废物的回收利用具有重要意义。当今社会正处于信息化社会，电器电子产品是其载体。当人们享受信息化带来的便捷，，也必须面对废弃物对环境的破坏问题，特别是中国人口众多，生活水平大幅提高，电器电子产品消费市场广阔，每年废弃电器电子产品的数量庞大，如果解决不好废弃物的回收利用，那么将直接影响到我国的可持续和科学发展。对电器电子产品的生产、销售、回收、再利用、再处理等一系列过程进行针对性规定，从而确立电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度，推进循环经济的贯彻落实，发展低碳，与国际接轨。首先，本文从纵向和横向两个角度研究电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度，一方面考察该制度的产生与发展，另一方面从其历史沿革入手明确该制度的内涵、外延、性质和特征。其次，目前国内外对生产者责任延伸制度的定义没有形成统一的说法，理清生产者的延伸责任和环境责任、产品责任的联系和区别以及了解该制度的性质和特征有助于对该制度的把握。生产者被赋以环境保护、促进产品再循环利用的重任，除了产品责任之外其责任延伸于产品的设计、生产、回收、处置以及再利用的各个阶段，而在各阶段生产者所承担的责任也不尽相同。再次，本文对生产者责任延伸制度中的生产者作了扩大解释，包括直接生产者和间接生产者，特别针对间接生产者责任延伸进行研究。间接生产者责任与直接生产者一样同样延伸于产品生命周期的各个阶段，承担绿色设计、清洁生产、回收再利用的责任，但与直接生产者相比，仍具有特殊性。最后，本文通过分析国内外电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度的现状，研究立法方面的成功与不足，吸收国外先进的经验，通过制定一部电器电子产品生产者责任延伸法，将电器电子产品的生产前的阶段、生产阶段、废弃后阶段的整个生命周期的活动纳入法律范畴，从而完善我国电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度。我国的生产者责任延伸制度正处在初始发展阶段，与很多发达国家还存在一定的差距，但也有很大的研究和完善空间。因此，应进一步建立健全以生产者为主体，其他各类社会主体共同参与的电器电子产品生产者责任延伸制度，完善相关法律法规，尽快制定一部电器电子产品生产者责任延伸的专门法律，规范生产者和其他社会主体在电器电子产品的生产、回收利用和无害化处理等各个阶段的行为，促进经济和环境的和谐发展。
[Abstract]:The extended system of producer responsibility is a basic system of circular economy. The extended system of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products is an important part of this system, which is of great significance to clean production and waste recycling. Nowadays, the society is in the information society, electrical and electronic products are its carrier. When people enjoy the convenience brought by information technology, they must also face the problem of environmental damage caused by waste materials. In particular, China has a large population, a substantial improvement in living standards, and a vast consumer market for electrical and electronic products. The quantity of waste electrical and electronic products is huge every year. If the recycling of waste is not solved, it will directly affect the sustainable and scientific development of our country. In order to establish the extended system of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products, to promote the implementation of circular economy, and to develop low carbon, the production, sale, recovery, reuse and reprocessing of electrical and electronic products are targeted. In line with international standards. First of all, this paper studies the extended system of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products from both vertical and horizontal angles. On the one hand, it investigates the emergence and development of the system, on the other hand, it clarifies the connotation and extension of the system from its historical evolution. Nature and characteristics Secondly, at present, the definition of extended producer responsibility system at home and abroad has not formed a unified view, which clarifies the extended responsibility of producers and environmental responsibility. The relationship and distinction of product liability and understanding of the nature and characteristics of the system are helpful to grasp the system. Producers are entrusted with the task of protecting the environment and promoting the recycling of products. In addition to product responsibility, the responsibility extends to all stages of product design, production, recovery, disposal and reuse. And in each stage the producer undertakes the responsibility also to be different. Thirdly, this paper makes an extended explanation to the producers in the extended producer responsibility system, including direct producer and indirect producer, especially for indirect producer responsibility extension. The indirect producer responsibility extends to all stages of the product life cycle as well as the direct producer, and undertakes the responsibility of green design, cleaner production, recycling and reuse, but compared with the direct producer, it still has its particularity. Finally, this paper analyzes the current situation of producer responsibility extension system of electrical and electronic products at home and abroad, studies the success and deficiency of legislation, absorbs the advanced experience of foreign countries, and formulates an extension law of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products. In order to perfect the extended system of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products in our country, the activities of the whole life cycle before, during and after the production of electrical and electronic products are brought into the scope of law. The extended system of producer responsibility in China is in the initial stage of development, and there is still a certain gap with many developed countries, but there is also a lot of room for research and improvement. Therefore, we should further establish and improve the extended system of producer responsibility of electrical and electronic products, which takes the producer as the main body and other social subjects to participate, and perfect the relevant laws and regulations. To formulate as soon as possible a special law on the extension of producer responsibility for electrical and electronic products, to regulate the behavior of producers and other social subjects in all stages of the production, recycling and harmless treatment of electrical and electronic products, Promote the harmonious development of economy and environment.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.68;F426.6

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