论我国公共建筑节能法律制度的完善

发布时间：2018-08-06 19:01

【摘要】：随着我国的经济管理体制从计划经济体制转向市场经济体制,环境保护问题也日益凸显。为了应对各个领域所暴露出的典型环境资源问题,我国于上世纪九十年代即开始围绕公共建筑节能建立规范,直至《公共机构节能条例》的颁布,使该领域的制度建设迈入了一个新阶段。根据《辞海》的记载,公共建筑是指进行社会活动的非生产性建筑物。通常意义上,建筑可以分为生产用建筑(或称工业建筑)和非生产用建筑(或称民用建筑)。其中,民用建筑又可细分为居住建筑和公共建筑。公共建筑包括了工业建设项目中具有民用建筑功能的建筑,主要包括了国家机关办公建筑和商业、服务业、教育、卫生等其他公共建筑。公共建筑节能是指通过对公共建筑节能主体的权利、义务以及公共建筑节能监管机构等相关主体职权职责的界定,引导、激励或强制地实现降低建筑能耗和节能效益的行为模式。我国公共建筑节能立法经历了起步、提速、突破三个阶段,由此初步建立了公共建筑节能规划制度、标准制度、激励制度以及节能监督管理制度。但是,我国公共建筑节能现行立法存在立法观念不够先进、立法宗旨没有保持统一、规范体系存在结构性缺陷等问题。为了科学建立公共建筑节能法律制度,有必要对制度建立的理论依据作出甄选。克服失灵、社会本位、社会公正和社会责任四项理论,应当作为我国公共建筑节能法律制度建构的解释理论。根据这些理论的指引,我国应在公共建筑节能市场主体准入制度、节能收费制度、经济激励制度、节能监管制度等制度领域取得突破性进展。
[Abstract]:With the change of economic management system from planned economy to market economy, the problem of environmental protection is becoming more and more prominent. In order to deal with the problems of typical environmental resources exposed in various fields, in the 1990s, China began to establish norms around the energy conservation of public buildings, until the promulgation of the "regulations on Energy efficiency of Public institutions". The system construction in this field has entered a new stage. According to Cihai, public buildings are non-productive buildings that carry out social activities. Generally speaking, buildings can be divided into production buildings (or industrial buildings) and non-productive buildings (or civil buildings). Among them, civil architecture can be subdivided into residential buildings and public buildings. Public buildings include buildings with civil functions in industrial construction projects, including office buildings and commercial buildings of state organs, services, education, health and other public buildings. Energy conservation of public buildings is to define and guide the rights and obligations of the main body of energy conservation of public buildings, as well as the functions and responsibilities of the relevant subjects, such as the regulatory bodies for energy conservation of public buildings. The behavior pattern of reducing building energy consumption and energy saving benefit is actualized or enforced. The legislation on energy conservation of public buildings in our country has experienced three stages: starting, increasing speed and breaking through three stages. Thus, the planning system, the standard system, the incentive system and the supervision and management system of energy conservation of public buildings have been preliminarily established. However, the current legislation on energy conservation of public buildings in our country is not advanced enough, the legislative aim is not unified, and there are structural defects in the normative system. In order to establish the legal system of energy conservation of public buildings scientifically, it is necessary to select the theoretical basis for the establishment of the system. The four theories of overcoming failure, social standard, social justice and social responsibility should be regarded as the explanation theory of the construction of the legal system of energy conservation of public buildings in our country. According to the guidance of these theories, our country should make a breakthrough progress in the field of public building energy conservation market access system, energy saving charge system, economic incentive system, energy conservation supervision system and so on.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D922.181;D922.67

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