论刑法中“非法占有目的”的证明

发布时间：2018-06-16 21:17

本文选题：非法占有目的 + 证据　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："非法占有目的"是刑法中犯罪主观构成要件中的一个重要组成部分。由于行为人主观目的的内在性,不易为外人所知,司法实践中经常出现因无法证明行为人具有"非法占有目的"而发生无法归罪的情形。目前"非法占有目的"证明存在的问题主要在于,在我国目前的刑事诉讼证明理论下,证明"非法占有目的"的实践操作混乱和运用推定规则没有相配套的制度等问题。因此,理论上对"非法占有目的"证明的基本学说进行梳理,无疑会更利于司法实践操作,对于维护法律的尊严和统一而言,具有重大意义。但遗憾的是国内大多数学者对"非法占有目的"问题的论述多是以某一具体罪名来论述,显然这种方法不能有效解决有关"非法占有目的"证明的根本问题。笔者结合目前已有的理论学说和司法实践,从以下四部分论述"非法占有目的"的证明:文章的第一部分主要是对"非法占有目的"所涉及的基础理论问题进行必要的梳理和探讨。首先,运用规范分析方法界定"非法占有目的"中"目的"和"占有"的刑法学含义。其次,总结出了目前我国证明"非法占有目的"的几种方式,包括运用证据进行证明、运用推定进行认定等方式。文章的第二部分结合我国司法实践中证明"非法占有目的"的现状,并结合当前我国涉及"非法占有目的"证明的相关法律法规及司法解释的规定在实践中应用现状,通过案例分析法,对于当前我国司法实践中认定"非法占有目的"的现状和困难进行了细致的分析和思考,总结出了目前证明方式存在的问题局限性。文章的第三部分主要提出司法实践中产生证明"非法占有目的"困境的原因,并分析了证明"非法占有目的"理论学说存在的问题,包括对刑事证明的理论研究比较缺乏,对于推定的基本问题缺乏通识,同时,我国司法实践存在刑事诉讼证明理论难以解决"非法占有目的"证明困难、对于"非法占有目的"的证明证据来源较少、推定学说面临理论障碍和应用混乱等问题。文章的第四部分针对前文所提及的证明"非法占有目的"在我国目前理论和实践中存在的问题,提出了笔者自己的一些想法。首先,在明确"非法占有目的"相关概念及推定的基本理论基础上,修正我国目前的刑事证明理论;对目前证明"非法占有目的"的几种方法进行分析,其中在实体法上可以考虑通过调整刑法罪名设置来变更证明对象,程序法上规范推定适用的规则和程序;并提出增加指导性案例来指导相关司法实践,探索构建我国"非法占有目的"的证明规则。
[Abstract]:The purpose of illegal possession is an important part of the subjective elements of crime in criminal law. Due to the intrinsic nature of the subjective purpose of the perpetrator, it is difficult for outsiders to know it. In judicial practice, there is often a situation in which the perpetrator is unable to be criminalized because he cannot prove that the perpetrator has the purpose of "illegal possession". At present, the problems existing in the proof of "the purpose of illegal possession" are mainly due to the confusion in the practice of proving the "purpose of illegal possession" under the present theory of proof of criminal procedure in our country and the lack of corresponding system in the application of the presumption rules. Therefore, theoretically combing the basic theory of "the purpose of illegal possession" will undoubtedly be more conducive to the operation of judicial practice, and it is of great significance to maintain the dignity and unity of the law. However, it is regrettable that most of the scholars in our country discuss the problem of "illegal possession purpose" mostly by a specific crime. Obviously, this method can not effectively solve the fundamental problem of the proof of "illegal possession purpose". The author combines the existing theory and judicial practice, This paper discusses the proof of "the purpose of illegal possession" from the following four parts: the first part of the article mainly discusses the basic theoretical problems involved in "the purpose of illegal possession". Firstly, the definition of "purpose" and "possession" in the purpose of illegal possession is defined by the method of normative analysis. Secondly, it summarizes several ways to prove the purpose of illegal possession in our country, including the use of evidence to prove, the use of presumption to identify, and so on. The second part of the article combines the present situation of proving "illegal possession purpose" in our country's judicial practice, and combines with the current situation of application of relevant laws and regulations and judicial interpretation provisions concerning "illegal possession purpose" proof in our country. Through the case analysis, this paper makes a detailed analysis and reflection on the present situation and difficulties of determining the purpose of illegal possession in the judicial practice of our country, and summarizes the problems and limitations of the current mode of proof. The third part of the article mainly puts forward the reasons of the dilemma of proving "the purpose of illegal possession" in judicial practice, and analyzes the problems existing in the theory of proving "the purpose of illegal possession", including the lack of theoretical research on criminal proof. There is a lack of general knowledge about the basic problems of presumption. At the same time, the theory of proof of criminal procedure in our judicial practice is difficult to solve the difficulty of proving "purpose of illegal possession", and the source of proof of "purpose of illegal possession" is less. The theory of presumption is confronted with theoretical obstacles and confusion in application. In the fourth part of this paper, the author puts forward some ideas in view of the problems existing in the theory and practice of proving the purpose of illegal possession mentioned above. First of all, on the basis of defining the related concepts of "the purpose of illegal possession" and the basic theory of presumption, we revise the present criminal proof theory of our country, and analyze several methods of proving "the purpose of illegal possession" at present. In the substantive law, we may consider changing the object of proof by adjusting the setting of criminal law charges, standardizing the rules and procedures applicable to the presumption in procedural law, and proposing adding instructive cases to guide the relevant judicial practice. To explore the construction of our country's "illegal possession of the purpose" of the rules of proof.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

【相似文献】