论利用有组织的权力机构建立的犯罪支配

发布时间：2018-07-08 12:43

本文选题：组织支配 + 国际刑法　；参考：《中外法学》2016年06期

【摘要】：组织支配是成立间接正犯的犯罪支配形式之一,为利用国家政权或其他有组织的权力机构下令实施犯罪的行为人成立间接正犯提供了根据。组织支配理论在国际刑法领域得到了广泛的认可与运用。成立组织支配需满足三个条件:其一,下令实施犯罪者利用权力机构下达命令;其二,其所利用的权力机构具有法背离性;其三,直接实施犯罪的组织成员具有可替代性。权力机构的法背离性远远超出了个别行为的刑事可罚性内涵,它使得组织机构的成员不必担心受到刑事追诉而更加肆无忌惮地实施犯罪,组织成员的可替代性则使得个别成员的意愿对于实施犯罪行为而言并不重要,两者均是组织支配成立的重要前提。在公司犯罪中,公司虽然具有组织形式但却不具有组织支配所要求的法背离性,因此不能借助组织支配理论肯定公司高管对于下属从事的犯罪行为成立间接正犯。
[Abstract]:Organizational domination is one of the forms of criminal domination for the establishment of indirect principal offenders, which provides a basis for the establishment of indirect principal offenders by using the state power or other organized power organs to order the perpetrators to commit crimes. The theory of organizational domination has been widely recognized and applied in the field of international criminal law. The establishment of the organization must satisfy three conditions: first, order the offender to make use of the authority to issue an order; second, the power used by the organization has a legal deviation; third, the member of the organization who directly commits the crime has a substitutable character. The deviation from the law of the authority goes far beyond the criminal penalty of an individual act, allowing members of an organization not to fear criminal prosecution and to commit a crime with greater impunity. The substitutability of organization members makes the will of individual members not important to commit criminal acts, both of which are important prerequisites for the establishment of organizations. In the corporate crime, although the company has the organizational form, but does not have the law deviation which the organization dominates the request, therefore cannot use the organization domination theory to affirm the company executive to be engaged in the subordinate criminal behavior to establish the indirect principal offense.
【作者单位】：德国慕尼黑大学法学院;南京大学法学院;
【分类号】：D914

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