股权众筹领域的刑法规制完善

发布时间：2019-06-17 16:25

【摘要】：股权众筹是“互联网+股权”的一种新型融资方式,随着近几年互联网的快速发展,股权众筹借助互联网平台实现了大规模的融资。然而,我国由于起步较晚,缺乏相关配套的规制,该市场存在着潜在的非法集资类犯罪行为,严重影响该行业的发展。因此,应认真贯彻非法集资“从严把握”的认定标准,对股权众筹领域中存在的非法集资应予以严格的监管与惩治,将其刑事犯罪风险降到最低。与此同时,股权众筹作为朝阳行业,其发展趋势锐不可挡,一味地监管与惩治将会导致其新型融资方式夭折在摇篮中。股权众筹法律风险的存在,归根到底是由我国相关法律机制不健全所致。因而,在看到股权众筹辉煌业绩同时,更要直面其存在的刑事法律规制漏洞。为此,在严格分析股权众筹法律风险的同时,更要致力于弥补现有法律漏洞。通过增设新罪名、增加新的立法解释等途径完善刑事立法。同时,在完善刑事立法难以一蹴而就的情况下,司法适用过程中要比照既有犯罪的构成要件,放宽对股权众筹定罪处罚的标准。借以立法、司法体制规范该行业发展。本文将通过对股权众筹情况的分析,结合蚂蚁达客运营实例,从众筹平台、融资者的角度分析现有经济型犯罪罪状的构成要件,同时比照这种新型融资行为的特征,进而分析整个过程存在的法律风险。究其原因,股权众筹之所以风险丛生,其最主要是现阶段我国股权众筹的相关法律机制不健全。因而,为实现股权众筹的合法健康发展,需结合我国该领域现有法律体系,同时借鉴美国JOBS法案,提出新形势下的刑事立法举措与司法建议。
[Abstract]:Equity crowdfunding is a new financing method of "Internet equity". With the rapid development of the Internet in recent years, equity crowdfunding has realized large-scale financing with the help of Internet platform. However, due to the late start of our country and the lack of relevant regulations, there are potential illegal fund-raising crimes in the market, which seriously affects the development of the industry. Therefore, we should conscientiously implement the standard of "strictly grasping" illegal fund-raising, strictly supervise and punish the illegal fund-raising in the field of equity crowdfunding, and minimize the risk of criminal offence. At the same time, equity crowdfunding as a sunrise industry, its development trend is unstoppable, blindly supervision and punishment will lead to the collapse of its new financing methods in the cradle. In the final analysis, the existence of the legal risk of equity crowdfunding is caused by the imperfect legal mechanism in our country. Therefore, when we see the brilliant performance of equity crowdfunding, we should face up to the loopholes in criminal legal regulation. Therefore, while strictly analyzing the legal risks of equity crowdfunding, we should also devote ourselves to making up for the existing legal loopholes. Through the addition of new charges, the addition of new legislative interpretation and other ways to improve criminal legislation. At the same time, under the condition that it is difficult to perfect the criminal legislation overnight, it is necessary to relax the standard of conviction and punishment of equity crowdfunding by comparing the constituent elements of existing crimes in the process of judicial application. Through legislation, the judicial system standardizes the development of the industry. This paper will analyze the constituent elements of the existing economic crime from the angle of crowdfunding platform and financier through the analysis of the situation of equity crowdfunding, combined with the operation example of Ant Da Ke, and then analyze the legal risks existing in the whole process by comparing the characteristics of this new financing behavior. The reason why equity crowdfunding is so risky is that the relevant legal mechanism of equity crowdfunding in China is not perfect at the present stage. Therefore, in order to realize the legal and healthy development of equity crowdfunding, it is necessary to combine the existing legal system in this field and draw lessons from the JOBS Act of the United States to put forward the criminal legislative measures and judicial suggestions under the new situation.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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