刑法解释的社会相当性考评

发布时间：2019-07-06 17:42

【摘要】：社会相当性是德国学者提出的重要理论,自引入中国后便获得较大关注,在刑法解释中引入该理论具有重要意义。社会相当性自诞生之初便与法益难解难分,在德日刑法语境之下,刑法的本质在于保护法益,它是刑法解释的核心概念,是准确匹配事实与法条的前提,还是维系价值立场与刑法解释的媒介,而基于历史和社会的相对客观性,社会相当性成为理解和评价法益的重要依据。近年来,形式解释论与实质解释论之争饱受关注,本质是社会保护与自由保障何者优先的价值立场之争,然而涉及具体刑法用语,两大理论之间及其内部存在着价值立场相互矛盾的问题,而社会相当性理论则兼具社会保护与自由保障的双重价值,可以调和两大主张相互之间及各自内部出现的矛盾。结合刑法解释来看,对社会相当性的判断,可从社会性与相当性两大方面进行:社会性包括社会整体性、社会通识性与特殊性三个要素;相当性包括广泛性、常识性、与刑法的一致性三个要点。
[Abstract]:Social appropriateness is an important theory put forward by German scholars, which has been paid more attention since it was introduced into China. It is of great significance to introduce this theory into the interpretation of criminal law. Social equivalence has been indistinguishable from legal interests since its birth. In the context of German and Japanese criminal law, the essence of criminal law lies in the protection of legal interests. It is the core concept of criminal law interpretation, the premise of accurately matching facts and legal articles, or the medium to maintain the value position and criminal law interpretation. Based on the relative objectivity of history and society, social appropriateness has become an important basis for understanding and evaluating legal interests. In recent years, the dispute between formal interpretation theory and substantive interpretation theory has attracted much attention. In essence, it is the dispute over which social protection and freedom protection give priority to each other. However, involving specific criminal law terms, there are contradictions between the two theories and their internal values, while the theory of social appropriateness has the dual value of social protection and freedom protection, which can reconcile the contradictions between the two propositions and each other. Combined with the interpretation of criminal law, the judgment of social appropriateness can be carried out from two aspects: sociality and appropriateness: sociality includes three elements: social integrity, social generality and particularity, and appropriateness includes universality, common sense and consistency with criminal law.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学法学院;中国青年政治学院法律系;
【基金】：中国法学会2013年度部级研究课题“新刑事诉讼法与刑法的衔接问题研究”(CLS(2013)C68)
【分类号】：D914

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