中国建筑能耗计算方法研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 15:33

本文关键词：中国建筑能耗计算方法研究　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国政府于2009年提出2020年单位GDP碳排放比2005年下降40-45%的减排目标。根据国务院总体部署，住房和城乡建设部于2012年5月颁布了《“十二五”建筑节能专项规划》。规划提出，到“十二五”期末建筑节能形成1.16亿吨标准煤节能能力。各省、自治区、直辖市根据节能总目标，提出本地区的建筑节能目标，并将目标分解到各项建筑节能工作。目标的提出应基于准确的现有建筑能耗数据，但是，目前为止中国建筑能耗数据仍不完善，各地区建筑能耗数据则更为匮乏。尽管住房和城乡建设部、国家统计局出台了《民用建筑能耗和节能信息统计报表制度》，但是，由于地方相关能力建设滞后及各地调查范围、方法不同等原因，统计数据质量较低。基于上述背景，本论文对中国建筑能耗计算方法进行研究，为合理制定建筑节能减排目标，分解建筑节能减排任务，提供更科学、合理、便捷的计算方法。本论文采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的研究方法，从建筑能耗基本概念、中国能源统计报表制度入手，对中国能源平衡表进行深入分析，在此基础上提出基于中国能源平衡表的，可以应用到省级层面的中国建筑能耗宏观计算方法。文章首先对现有建筑能耗统计/计算方法进行归纳分析，明确建筑能耗计算的两类方法—微观统计和宏观计算，并对两类方法特点及适用性进行说明。通过对现有各宏观计算方法分析，找出存在争议的关键点：建筑能耗基本概念、统计边界、各次能源概念以及各类能源折算，并对以上四个关键问题进行阐述、辨析。之后，从中国能源统计报表制度入手，对建筑能耗宏观计算基础----中国能源平衡表进行系统分析，包括：能源统计制度、各项数据来源及与国际通行准则的差异分析。在此基础上，辨析出在进行建筑能耗宏观计算时需要包含的基础项及修正项，并提出计算公式。采用拟合、试算的方法确定计算公式中的各项参数值，确定建筑能耗计算公式：建筑能耗=(生活消费扣除全部汽油、95%柴油+批发、零售和餐饮业，，其他能源扣除95%汽油、35%柴油)+5%*工业能耗+2.5*(生活消费热力+批发、零售和餐饮业热力+其他热力)。最后，将本公式应用到各省市进行建筑能耗试算，根据试算结果，对本方法进行优缺点分析，并提出建筑能耗计算方法改进的相关建议。
[Abstract]:On 2009, the Chinese government set a target of reducing carbon emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45% on 2020 compared with 2005, according to the overall deployment of the State Council. On May 2012, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction promulgated the 12th Five-Year Plan for Building Energy Saving. By the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the building energy saving capacity of 116 million tons of standard coal will be formed. According to the general goal of energy conservation, the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government will put forward their own building energy efficiency targets. The goal should be based on the accurate existing building energy consumption data, but up to now, the building energy consumption data in China is still not perfect. Although the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction and the National Bureau of Statistics issued the "Civil Building Energy consumption and Energy Saving Information Statistical report system", but. The quality of statistical data is low due to the lag of local capacity construction and the scope of local investigation. Based on the above background, this paper studies the calculation method of building energy consumption in China, which provides a more scientific and reasonable way to make the goal of building energy saving and emission reduction, to decompose the task of building energy saving and emission reduction. This paper uses the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis method, starting with the basic concept of building energy consumption, China energy statistics report system, the energy balance table of China is deeply analyzed. On this basis, the energy balance table based on China can be applied to the macroscopic calculation method of building energy consumption in China at the provincial level. In this paper, firstly, the existing building energy consumption statistics / calculation methods are summarized and analyzed, and two kinds of building energy consumption calculation methods, micro statistics and macro calculation, are defined. The characteristics and applicability of the two methods are explained. Through the analysis of the existing macro calculation methods, the key points of the controversy are found: the basic concept of building energy consumption, statistical boundary. Each energy concept and energy conversion, and the above four key issues are expounded, analyzed. After that, from the Chinese energy statistics report system. This paper makes a systematic analysis on the macroscopic calculation basis of building energy consumption-China energy balance table, including: energy statistics system, data sources and differences with international standards. On this basis. The basic items and correction items needed to be included in the macroscopic calculation of building energy consumption are analyzed, and the calculation formulas are put forward. The method of fitting and trial calculation is used to determine the values of each parameter in the calculation formula. Determine the building energy consumption formula: building energy consumption (95% of total gasoline consumption minus diesel wholesale, retail and catering industry, other energy minus 95% gasoline. 35% diesel fuel) 5 * Industrial energy consumption is 2.5%. Finally, this formula is applied to the trial calculation of building energy consumption in various provinces and cities. According to the results of trial calculation, the advantages and disadvantages of this method are analyzed, and some suggestions for improving the calculation method of building energy consumption are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU111.195

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