电梯监控系统的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-01-04 04:15

本文关键词：电梯监控系统的研究与应用　出处：《江南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着高层建筑越来越多，电梯作为最常用的乘坐工具，，与人们的日常生活紧密相连。人们不但要求电梯运行安稳、停靠精准和乘坐舒适，并且对电梯运行的安全性、高效性也提出了更高的要求，于是电梯的安全监控成为电梯行业的重点之一，电梯监控系统的研究也成为了一个重要的研究方向。目前的电梯监控系统是由各电梯制造商提供的，功能简单且开放性较低，这使得电梯难以集中管理和维护。本文以设计一套功能完善、通用性较好、性能优越的电梯监控系统为目标，围绕一些核心问题展开研究，主要研究工作如下： (1)结合实际情况，对电梯监控系统进行需求分析，提出系统总体设计方案。将电梯监控系统划分为数据采集子系统和监控中心子系统两部分，设计了各个子系统内部各个功能模块的交互协调关系；对数据采集子系统进行了软硬件选型与设计。 (2)对数据采集子系统的设计进行了详细研究。硬件采用ARM处理器S3C6410为核心，外扩以太网、图像采集、加速度传感器、智能电表以及相关开关信号接口，以便采集电梯的相关数据；针对于数据采集与传输的重点，对视频采集与传输进行了详细的设计与分析，包括摄像头驱动设计、视频图像数据的获取、图像编码压缩以及网络传输。 (3)针对电梯轿厢内人员安全，为防止斗殴、抢劫等异常行为的发生，本文提出了一种基于计算机视觉的电梯轿厢内异常行为检测算法，以达到实时安全监控的目的。首先，采用混合高斯模型建模提取出运动目标，对运动区域进行标记；然后统计标记区域内Harris角点的光流信息，将其归一化成特征矩阵，并建立实时更新的特征矩阵观测序列；最后利用2维主成分分析(2DPCA)的重构原理对观测序列进行分析，根据重构特征矩阵与原特征矩阵的能量比来判断是否存在异常行为。通过仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。 (4)在设计的平台上完成对数据采集子系统的开发，并初步实现整个系统原型，完成了对整个系统的测试工作。本文设计的电梯监控系统原型对组建区域性多电梯监控、促进电梯监控系统标准化有重要的实际意义和应用价值。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increasing number of high-rise buildings, elevators as the most commonly used riding tool, are closely connected with people's daily life. And the security of elevator operation, high efficiency also put forward higher requirements, so the elevator safety monitoring has become one of the key points of the elevator industry, elevator monitoring system research has become an important research direction. The current elevator monitoring system is provided by the elevator manufacturers, simple function and low openness, which makes it difficult to centralized management and maintenance. The performance of the elevator monitoring system is the goal of the research around some core issues, the main research work is as follows: 1) based on the actual situation, the requirement of elevator monitoring system is analyzed, and the overall design scheme of the system is put forward. The elevator monitoring system is divided into two parts: data acquisition subsystem and monitoring center subsystem. The interaction and coordination relationship of each function module in each subsystem is designed. The software and hardware of the data acquisition subsystem are selected and designed. The hardware uses ARM processor S3C6410 as the core, expanding Ethernet, image acquisition, acceleration sensor. Intelligent electric meter and related switch signal interface, in order to collect elevator related data; Aiming at the emphasis of data acquisition and transmission, the design and analysis of video capture and transmission are carried out in detail, including the design of camera driver, the acquisition of video image data, image coding and compression, and network transmission. In order to prevent the occurrence of abnormal behavior such as brawl and robbery, this paper presents an algorithm for detecting abnormal behavior in elevator car based on computer vision. In order to achieve the purpose of real-time security monitoring. Firstly, the mixed Gao Si model is used to extract the moving target and mark the moving area. Then the optical flow information of the Harris corner in the tagged region is counted and normalized into a feature matrix and a real-time updated observation sequence of the feature matrix is established. Finally, the observation sequence is analyzed by the reconstruction principle of 2-D principal component analysis (PCA). Based on the energy ratio of the reconstructed feature matrix to the original characteristic matrix, the validity of the algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. 4) the data acquisition subsystem is developed on the platform, the prototype of the whole system is realized, and the testing work of the whole system is completed. The prototype of elevator monitoring system designed in this paper has important practical significance and application value in setting up regional multi-elevator monitoring system and promoting the standardization of elevator monitoring system.
【学位授予单位】：江南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU857;TP277

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