挖掘机液压系统节能匹配研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 23:03

本文关键词：挖掘机液压系统节能匹配研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液压挖掘机是一个非常重要的土方机械，因其功能强、作业效率高，适应性好而被广泛的应用于公路、铁路、市政、水利等方面的建设中。同时，液压挖掘机也是一种耗能比较高的机械，在施工过程中有一部分能量损失而不能得到利用，因此，对液压挖掘机节能技术的研究显得尤为重要，提高挖掘机的能量利用率成为了当今液压挖掘机发展的重要趋势。本文以当前某公司的20t液压挖掘机为研究对象，对液压系统功率匹配及节能进行了研究，主要研究内容如下：（1）在查阅国内外有关挖掘机液压系统匹配及节能控制技术文献的基础上，对当前国内外在液压挖掘机上广泛使用的液压系统匹配及节能控制技术进行了分析，同时结合挖掘机的工作特点及作业环境，分析挖掘机能量损失的主要原因。（2）液压挖掘机在作业过程中分为重载、标准载荷以及轻载三种，根据这三种典型的工况，在综合发动机—液压系统—负载的效率与响应速度的基础上，提出相关的控制策略及控制方法，找出最佳的控制参数，并分析该参数的控制效果。（3）针对液压挖掘机的发动机响应特性，燃油经济性，液压系统效率以及操作手在施工过程中对操作性能的要求进行分析，将液压挖掘机的柴油机、液压系统和负载作为一个适时变化的系统来研究，通过液压挖掘机的分工况控制，液压泵的恒功率控制和柴油机的怠速控制来实现节能的目的。（4）以理论研究为基础，，对所设计的挖掘机动臂能量回收系统进行原理分析并搭建仿真模型，运用AMESim仿真软件，通过传感器对系统的流量和压力进行数据采样和数据传输，将采集信号输入电子控制系统，电子控制系统发出指令完成对各元件的调控，对液压系统进行模拟仿真运算。并对运算结果进行可行性分析，验证了方案的有效性。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator is a very important earth - moving machinery , because of its strong function , high operation efficiency and good adaptability , it is widely used in the construction of highway , railway , municipal water conservancy and so on . At the same time , the hydraulic excavator is a kind of machinery with relatively high energy consumption . ( 1 ) Based on consulting the literatures of hydraulic system matching and energy saving control technology at home and abroad , this paper analyzes the hydraulic system matching and energy saving control technology widely used in hydraulic excavator at home and abroad , and analyzes the main causes of energy loss of excavator combined with the working characteristics and operating environment of the excavator . ( 2 ) The hydraulic excavator is divided into heavy load , standard load and light load in the operation process . According to these three typical working conditions , the relevant control strategy and control method are put forward based on the efficiency and response speed of the integrated engine - hydraulic system - load , the best control parameters are found , and the control effect of the parameter is analyzed . ( 3 ) Aiming at the engine response characteristics , fuel economy , hydraulic system efficiency and operating performance of hydraulic excavator , the diesel engine , hydraulic system and load of the hydraulic excavator are studied as a timely system , and the purpose of energy saving is realized through the division of the hydraulic excavator , the constant power control of the hydraulic pump and the idle control of the diesel engine . ( 4 ) Based on the theory research , the energy recovery system of the designed mining motor arm is analyzed and the simulation model is set up . The data sampling and data transmission are carried out through the sensor system according to the flow and pressure of the system , the acquisition signal is input into the electronic control system , the electronic control system sends out the command to complete the regulation and control of each element , and the simulation simulation operation is carried out on the hydraulic system . The feasibility analysis of the operation result is carried out , and the validity of the scheme is verified .

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU621

【参考文献】