基于节能对天津某办公建筑夏季室内人体热舒适的研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 02:12

本文关键词：基于节能对天津某办公建筑夏季室内人体热舒适的研究　出处：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类社会不断地发展进步导致人们在室内停留的时间愈来愈长。统计显示,人们一天在室内活动的时间长达19到22个小时。因此,人们的健康、舒适甚至工作效率都与室内环境息息相关。然而进入21世纪以来,能源和环境的危机日益严重,人类社会向可持续、低碳生活发展,追求用最少的能源代价营造舒适的热环境已成为迫切需要。本课题依托于天津市某办公建筑,采用了现场干预调查与理论计算相结合的方式,从节能的角度对夏季天津市办公建筑的室内环境因素对人体热舒适影响展开了研究。依靠该建筑空调系统形式的多样性,人为改变影响热舒适性的相关参数,同时进行了现场测试及热舒适性问卷调查。随后运用统计的方法,对数据结果进行了理论计算,进而分析了空气温度、空气湿度、平均辐射温度和空气流速等不同室内环境因素对人体热舒适影响程度。本文首先根据对人体热舒适调查的初步统计结果,得出了此次调查的最低不满意率,发现其低于Fanger得到的结果,说明天津办公建筑工作人员容易对环境满足。同时梳理了调查对象的适应行为调查结果。随后建立了热感觉与室内环境因素的多元线性回归模型,分析了室内环境因素对人体热舒适的影响程度。结果表明:环境因素中,风速是影响热感觉的主要因素;空气温度、平均辐射温度是影响热感觉的次要因素;相对湿度对热感觉的影响较小。根据本文的研究结果,为空调的节能运行提供了意见。建议在春末初夏、全夏季到夏末秋初,合理地使用吊扇,可以通过增加气流速度适当提高供冷季室内温度,从而达到建筑节能运行的要求。通过对比标准有效温度和Fanger的PMV预测指标,发现Fanger的热舒适方程对环境预测并不准确,其预测值高估了人的实际热感觉。最终选取标准有效温度作为本文的研究分析指标,根据该指标得出了天津地区办公建筑的中性温度、可接受温度上限和期望温度,期望温度略低于中性温度。通过与其他地区的调查结果比较,发现中国不同地区的热接受能力差异较大,天津与同纬度地区热接受能力相似。期望温度略低于中性温度的原因是,在炎热的气候下人们对高温的适应能力有所提高,可以承受的温度上限较高,对当前环境的热感觉以及对所处环境的期望值会降低。天津地区舒适区宽度与中国其他的地区相仿,大于发达国家。
[Abstract]:The continuous development and progress of human society has led to people staying indoors longer and longer. Statistics show that people spend 19 to 22 hours a day in indoor activities. Therefore, people's health. Comfort and even working efficiency are closely related to indoor environment. However, since 21th century, the crisis of energy and environment has become more and more serious. The pursuit of building a comfortable thermal environment with the least energy cost has become an urgent need. This subject relies on an office building in Tianjin and adopts the combination of field intervention investigation and theoretical calculation. The influence of indoor environment factors on thermal comfort of Tianjin office buildings in summer is studied from the perspective of energy saving. Depending on the diversity of air conditioning systems in this building, the related parameters that affect thermal comfort are artificially changed. At the same time, the field test and thermal comfort questionnaire were carried out. Then, the results of the data were calculated by the statistical method, and the air temperature and humidity were analyzed. Different indoor environmental factors, such as average radiation temperature and air velocity, affect the thermal comfort of human body. Firstly, based on the preliminary statistical results of thermal comfort survey, the lowest unsatisfactory rate of this survey is obtained. It was found to be lower than the result obtained by Fanger. It shows that Tianjin office building workers are easy to satisfy the environment. At the same time, the investigation results of the subjects' adaptive behavior are combed. Then, a multivariate linear regression model of thermal sensation and indoor environmental factors is established. The influence of indoor environmental factors on thermal comfort of human body is analyzed. The results show that: among the environmental factors, wind speed is the main factor affecting thermal sensation; The air temperature and the average radiation temperature are the secondary factors affecting the thermal sensation. The influence of relative humidity on thermal sensation is small. According to the research results of this paper, it provides advice for the energy saving operation of air conditioning. It is suggested that ceiling fan should be used reasonably in late spring and early summer, from summer to early summer. The indoor temperature in cooling season can be increased by increasing the air velocity, so as to meet the requirements of building energy saving operation. By comparing the standard RMS temperature with the PMV prediction index of Fanger. It is found that the thermal comfort equation of Fanger is not accurate for environmental prediction, and its prediction value overestimates the actual thermal sensation of human beings. Finally, the standard effective temperature is chosen as the analysis index of this paper. According to this index, the neutral temperature, acceptable upper limit and expected temperature of office buildings in Tianjin are obtained, and the expected temperature is slightly lower than the neutral temperature. It is found that the thermal receptivity of different regions in China is quite different, and the thermal receptivity of Tianjin is similar to that of the same latitude, and the expected temperature is slightly lower than that of neutral temperature. In the hot climate, people's ability to adapt to the high temperature has been improved, and the upper limit of the temperature can be higher. The thermal sense of the current environment and expectations for the environment will decrease. The width of the comfort zone in Tianjin is similar to that of the rest of China and is larger than that of the developed countries.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU831.1

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