我国建筑碳排放权交易框架构建研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 03:05

本文关键词：我国建筑碳排放权交易框架构建研究　出处：《重庆大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着城镇化进程的加快，我国建筑规模一直保持着高速增长的态势，与此同时也必然伴随着大量的能源消耗和碳排放，使原本有限的大气环境容量越来越紧缺，，并引发了以气候变化为显著特征的一系列环境问题。因此，控制建筑能耗、减少碳排放已经成为我国必须直面的重要问题。从实际来看，单纯的利用政府控制管理来降低建筑耗能和排放的作用十分有限，而碳排放权交易这一新型市场机制的提出却为解决该问题提供了一种崭新思路。为了响应我国“十二五”规划中开展碳排放权交易以及十八届三中全会中提出的资源有偿使用及生态补偿的要求，本文尝试在我国碳交易全面实施的前提下，率先构建一个具有中国特色的建筑领域碳排放权交易框架，从而有效地指导我国建筑碳交易工作的展开，并进一步实现低碳建筑和低碳城市的目标。本文综合运用了文献查阅法、对比分析法以及专家访谈法，并结合稀缺性、外部性、科斯产权理论以及博弈均衡等理论以及实践总结，得出如下结论：首先，建筑碳交易是一种允许碳排放权利自由调剂从而实现减排成本效益最优的市场机制，具有能耗影响因素多、基线难设定、交易主体量大分散、单体建筑交易量小、交易成本高及交易属性稳定等特点；其次我国主要可控建筑能耗为北方城镇采暖、公共建筑能耗等。因此在尊重各类能耗需求及选择合理交易运作方式等前提下，我国建筑领域所适用的建筑碳排放权交易框架，可以构建一种以不同类型建筑为区分，以强制区、过渡区和自愿区三种减排性质相结合，配额交易、项目交易和自愿交易三种交易模式相结合的综合体系，且框架内外流通模式可以包含与强制减排领域间的双向流通以及与非强制减排领域间的单向流通两种方式。最后，针对框架内不同类型建筑，政府可以从监管、惩罚和激励三个维度进行制度建设和实施，从而为推动我国建筑碳排放权交易的健康有序发展提供支撑力量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the scale of construction in China has maintained a rapid growth situation, at the same time, it will inevitably be accompanied by a large number of energy consumption and carbon emissions. It makes the limited atmospheric environmental capacity more and more scarce, and causes a series of environmental problems characterized by climate change. Therefore, building energy consumption is controlled. Reducing carbon emissions has become an important issue that our country must face up to. From the practical point of view, the use of government control management to reduce building energy consumption and emissions is very limited. However, the proposal of carbon emissions trading, a new market mechanism, provides a new way to solve this problem. In order to respond to the 12th Five-Year Plan of China, In the plan to carry out carbon emissions trading and the third Plenary session of the 18 Central Committee of the demand for compensation for the use of resources and ecological compensation. Under the premise of the comprehensive implementation of carbon trading in China, this paper attempts to take the lead in building a carbon emissions trading framework with Chinese characteristics, so as to effectively guide the development of building carbon trading in China. And further achieve the goals of low-carbon buildings and low-carbon cities. This article synthetically uses the literature consulting method, the contrast analysis method and the expert interview method, and combines the scarcity, the externality, the Coase property right theory and the game equilibrium theory as well as the practice summary, draws the following conclusions: first. Building carbon trading is a market mechanism that allows carbon emission rights to be adjusted freely so as to achieve the best cost-effectiveness of emission reduction. There are many factors affecting energy consumption, the baseline is difficult to set, and the volume of trading bodies is widely dispersed. The single building trade volume is small, the transaction cost is high, the transaction attribute is stable and so on. Secondly, the main energy consumption of controlled buildings in China is heating in northern cities and towns, energy consumption of public buildings, and so on. Therefore, under the premise of respecting all kinds of energy consumption demand and choosing reasonable trading operation mode and so on. The construction carbon emission trading framework applied in the field of construction in our country can construct a kind of quota trading which is based on different types of buildings, which combines the three emission reduction properties of compulsory area, transition area and voluntary area. The integrated system of three transaction modes: project transaction and voluntary transaction. And the internal and external circulation model can include two-way circulation and non-mandatory emission reduction field of two-way circulation and non-mandatory emission reduction areas of one-way circulation. Finally, for different types of buildings within the framework, the government can regulate. Punishment and incentive are three dimensions of institutional construction and implementation, thus providing a support for the healthy and orderly development of carbon emissions trading in China.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F426.92;F205

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