城市住区低影响开发研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 05:06

本文关键词：城市住区低影响开发研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国城市化带来了城市住区的大量建设，随着社会经济的快速发展，城市住区建设标准也日益提高，但是住区在快速建设的进程中却面临着自然环境的制约。一系列严重的环境生态问题迫使人们重新思考城市建设和自然环境的关系，城市住区高强度的场地开发模式以人的需要为导向，未考虑自然生态的平衡，造成了土地资源浪费，环境生态恶化，住区内涝严重，，人居舒适度降低，因此可持续城市住区建设成为必然。我国城市住区需要可持续发展方式，低影响开发（Low Impact Development, LID）是实现城市住区可持续发展的一种重要方法，LID最先来自于城市化地区雨洪管理理念，面对城市化后下垫面改变，提出了自然的排水方式和雨水利用模式，继而深刻的影响了城市规划，随着研究的深入，LID已经从单纯的雨洪管理方法转变为一种城市规划的方法。LID场地规划方法和综合管理措施是成熟的技术，能直接应用在城市住区开发上，与其他可持续规划理念相比操作性更强，更容易达到城市住区可持续发展的目的。本文以促进城市住区可持续发展为主题，以城市住区与LID技术的结合为核心，针对我国城市住区发展至今面临的困境，指出了城市住区可持续发展的路径——低影响开发，进而系统的评述了LID的特点、技术体系、效益以及LID综合管理措施和LID场地规划，重点论述了LID在城市住区的适用性、LID对城市住区建设的作用、LID在城市住区规划中的内容、LID在城市住区各要素中的应用，并且通过实际案例阐明了城市住区LID设计思路、设计流程、达到LID目标的控制方法和实施LID后的相关效果。本文取得了以下结论：LID非常适合城市住区开发并且应用前景广阔；LID有良好的生态效益、经济效益、社会效益；城市住区LID设计要以控制径流系数为核心；城市住区低影响开发要回归到“低影响”的核心理念，突破城市理水的限制，成为先进的城市规划理念。
[Abstract]:Urbanization in China has brought a large number of urban settlements construction, with the rapid development of social economy, the construction standards of urban settlements are increasingly improved. However, in the process of rapid construction, residential areas are faced with the constraints of the natural environment. A series of serious environmental ecological problems force people to rethink the relationship between urban construction and natural environment. The high-intensity site development mode of urban residential area is guided by human needs and does not take into account the balance of natural ecology, which results in waste of land resources, deterioration of environmental ecology, serious waterlogging in residential areas and decrease of human settlements comfort. Therefore, sustainable urban settlement construction is inevitable. China's urban residential areas need sustainable development mode, low impact on the development of low Impact Development. Lid) is an important method to realize the sustainable development of urban settlements. Lid is the first to come from the concept of rainwater management in the urbanization area, facing the change of the underlying surface after urbanization. Proposed the natural drainage and rainwater utilization mode, and then profoundly affected the urban planning, with the in-depth study. LID has changed from a simple rainwater management method to a city planning method. Lid site planning method and comprehensive management measures are mature technology, can be directly used in urban residential development. Compared with other sustainable planning concepts, it is more operable and easier to achieve the goal of sustainable development of urban settlements. In this paper, to promote the sustainable development of urban settlements as the theme, with the combination of urban settlements and LID technology as the core, aiming at the plight of the development of urban settlements in China up to now. This paper points out the path of sustainable development of urban settlements-low impact development, and then systematically comments on the characteristics, technical system, benefits, LID integrated management measures and LID site planning of LID. This paper mainly discusses the applicability of LID in urban settlements and the role of lid in the construction of urban settlements. The content of lid in urban settlement planning and the application of lid in various elements of urban settlements are discussed. The design idea and flow of LID in urban residential area are illustrated through practical cases. The control method to achieve the goal of LID and the related effect after implementation of LID are discussed. In this paper, the following conclusions have been obtained: 1. Lid is very suitable for the development of urban settlements and has a broad application prospect. LID has good ecological benefit, economic benefit and social benefit. The core of LID design in urban residential area is to control runoff coefficient. The core idea of "low impact" should be returned to the low impact development of urban residential area, and it has become an advanced urban planning idea to break through the restriction of urban water management.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.12

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