等效晶质模型及岩石力学特征细观研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 21:31

本文关键词： 岩石力学颗粒流理论颗粒流程序等效晶质模型力学特征　出处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2015年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于颗粒流理论与颗粒流程序,采用颗粒体模型与光滑节理模型,构建具有岩石矿物细观结构特征的等效晶质模型。通过室内试验与计算结果的对比分析,验证等效晶质模型在岩石力学特征研究中的适宜性与可靠性;同时,从细观角度深入揭示岩石在加载条件下的破裂机制与强度特性。主要研究结果如下:(1)在单轴拉伸条件下,岩石近似与加载轴向相垂直的宏观断裂面,主要由相邻晶质体边界上的黏结张拉破坏构成;(2)在单轴压缩或低围压三轴压缩条件下,岩石近似与加载轴向相平行的宏观断裂面,主要以相邻晶质体边界上黏结张拉破坏为主,导致岩石产生宏观劈裂破坏;(3)在高围压三轴压缩条件下,与加载轴向呈一定夹角贯通岩石内部的宏观断裂面,主要以晶质体内张拉破坏以及相邻晶质体边界上黏结张拉、剪切破坏构成,导致岩石产生宏观剪切破坏;(4)对于类似于花岗岩的硬脆性岩石而言,采用等效晶质模型可再现岩石较低的单轴抗拉与单轴抗压强度比值,且其强度特性采用Hoek-Brown强度准则描述更为合理。
[Abstract]:Based on particle flow theory and particle flow program, an equivalent crystalline model with the characteristics of rock and mineral meso-structure was constructed by using particle body model and smooth joint model, and the results of laboratory tests and calculation were compared and analyzed. The suitability and reliability of the equivalent crystalline model in the study of rock mechanical characteristics are verified. At the same time, the fracture mechanism and strength characteristics of rock under loading condition are revealed from the view of meso. The main results are as follows: 1) under uniaxial tensile condition. The macroscopic fracture surface, which is approximately perpendicular to the axial phase of the loading, is mainly composed of the bond tensioning failure at the boundary of the adjacent crystalline body. (2) under uniaxial compression or low confining pressure triaxial compression, the fracture surface of rock which is approximately parallel to the loading axial direction mainly consists of bond tensioning failure on the boundary of adjacent crystal body. Leading to macroscopic splitting failure of rock; 3) under the condition of high confining pressure triaxial compression, the macroscopic fracture surface of the rock is connected at a certain angle with the loading axial direction, mainly by tensile failure in the crystalline body and bond tensioning at the boundary of the adjacent crystalline body. The formation of shear failure leads to macroscopic shear failure of rock; For hard brittle rocks similar to granite, the ratio of uniaxial tensile strength to uniaxial compressive strength can be reproduced by using equivalent crystal model. And its strength characteristic is more reasonable to describe by Hoek-Brown strength criterion.
【作者单位】：北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(FRF TP 14 036A1)
【分类号】：TU452
【正文快照】： 1引言岩石是天然产出的具稳定外型的矿物集合体,按照一定的方式结合而成,是构成地壳和上地幔的物质基础。采矿、交通、水利水电、土木建筑等各种国民经济建设行业,常常涉及与岩石力学特性相关的问题。由于岩石的宏观力学性质常常取决于其微细观结构,因此,开展岩石断裂损伤及孕

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