窗户特性对建筑空调负荷的影响及经济性分析

发布时间：2018-01-27 01:58

本文关键词： 窗户节能改造气密性等级传热系数遮阳系数经济性分析　出处：《华中科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是一个建筑能耗大国。窗户作为围护结构中非常重要的组成部分，每年由其损失掉的能耗可达建筑总能耗的30%。因此窗户进行节能改造显得尤为重要。本文选取武汉地区的一栋政府办公大楼作为研究的基准建筑。依据相关的节能标准，确定基准建筑的相关计算参数，采用DeST负荷模拟软件建立基准模型，为计算各改造方案中供冷季和供热季负荷变化规律以及节能量的计算提供参考依据。窗户的气密性等级、传热系数和遮阳系数是构成窗户对建筑空调负荷影响的三个主要因素。研究窗户的气密性等级影响时，选取了窗户的传热系数和遮阳系数相同，而气密性等级不同的节能窗进行模拟计算；研究窗户的传热系数影响时，选取了窗户的气密性等级和遮阳系数相同，而传热系数不同的节能窗进行模拟计算；研究窗户的遮阳系数影响时，选取了窗户的传热系数和气密性等级相同，而遮阳系数不同的节能窗进行模拟计算。论文中共选取了8种窗户改造方案，并对不同的改造方案进行经济性分析，比较这8种方案的节能量和回收期，从而筛选出最优的窗户节能改造方案。研究结果表明窗户的气密性等级增大1级，相应的建筑空调负荷约减小2%；传热系数减小0.5W/(m2·K)，相应的建筑空调负荷约减小1.5%；窗户的遮阳系数减小0.1，建筑热负荷约增大2%，而建筑冷负荷约减小1.5%。在8种改造方案中，在不考虑窗户更换成本时，可采用Low-E中空充惰性气体PVC塑料平开窗；在考虑窗户更换成本时，，采用贴隔热防晒膜投资回收期最短。
[Abstract]:China is a large building energy consumption. Windows as a very important part of the enclosure structure, the energy consumption per year is up to 30%. of the total energy consumption of buildings. Therefore, energy-saving transformation of windows is particularly important.
This paper selects the Wuhan area to a government office building as the benchmark building research. According to the energy efficiency standards, determine the relevant parameters of the benchmark building, the benchmark model by using DeST simulation software to establish load, and provide the reference for the calculation of the reconstruction schemes in cooling season and heating season load variation and calculation of energy saving.
Air tightness level window, heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient are three main factors affecting the composition of the air conditioning load of the building. The window air tightness level of the window, select the window of the same heat transfer coefficient and shading coefficient, and energy-saving window with different air tightness level in the simulation calculation of heat transfer coefficient of the window; when choosing the window air tightness and shading coefficient of the same level, and the energy saving window is used to simulate the heat transfer coefficient; effect of shading coefficient of window, select the same window heat transfer coefficient and air tightness level, while the energy-saving window shading coefficient is used to simulate the paper. Selecting 8 kinds of window transformation plan, and the reconstruction scheme of different economic analysis, energy saving and payback period of comparison of the 8 methods, so as to screen out the window energy-saving plan optimal.
The results show that air tightness level window is increased 1, the air-conditioning load is reduced about 2%; the heat transfer coefficient decreases 0.5W/ (M2 - K), the air conditioning load is reduced about 1.5%; shading coefficient of window is reduced by 0.1, the building heat load increases by about 2%, and reduce building cooling load of about 1.5%. in 8 the transformation of the program, without considering the replacement cost of the window, the inert gas PVC Low-E hollow plastic casement window; considering the window replacement cost, using sunscreen film posted insulation investment recovery period is the shortest.

【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU831;TU111.195

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