大连典型城市街谷热环境与形态设计

发布时间：2018-03-08 13:39

本文选题：城市街谷形态　切入点：热环境　出处：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：街谷热环境影响着城市街谷空间环境的微气候,本文通过对街谷热环境和城市形态相关研究综述,确立了研究对象城市形态因子(包括高宽比、建筑密度、容积率和天空开阔度)和热环境评价指标(WBGT和风速),找到了两者之间的线性关系,并以此为前提,对实测区域优化前后的模型进行计算机数值模拟分析。同时通过讨论和分析模拟结果对大连热环境良好的组团形态模型进行了总结,以此得出论文研究的结论。第一章：在我国高密度的城市建设带来的环境污染、热岛效应等环境问题的背景下,对国内外相关领域的研究进行整理和文献综述,同时就本篇论文的研究意义和研究重点进行了总结。第二章：通过对城市街谷形态与热环境的关系分析,发现其中的潜在规律,找出影响街谷热环境的街谷形态因子,为对下一步大连典型街谷实测研究提供了清晰的理论基础和指导思路。第三章：以大连中山区高密度区域为实地测试范围,筛选了其中典型的4条街谷为实测街谷,分别对4条街谷分布的测试点进行WBGT、风速、太阳辐射、表面温度、相对湿度和干球温度等热环境参数进行了为期5天的现场实测。实测日选择在大连夏季典型的晴朗少云天气进行。第四章：对所测得的数据进行有效性的筛选,通过SPSS等软件对所筛选的数据进行整理分析,分析结果发现大连典型高密度城区的城市街谷形态对街谷热环境存在着一定的影响,其城市形态控制因子容积率、建筑密度、高宽比、天空开阔度等对街谷热环境均存在着不同程度的影响,并分别找到其影响规律和线性回归方程。第五章：在第四章的基础上,对实测区域街谷形态进行优化,并分别对优化前和优化后的测试区域通过CFD软件PHOENICS进行热环境的计算机数值模拟分析,对比优化前后的模拟结果,发现了通过调整城市形态能有效改善城市街谷热环境的规律。同时,在发现规律的基础上对大连市高密度城区基于热环境良好的城市形态模式进行了总结。第六章：通过回顾整个研究的脉络,从城市街谷热环境的角度出发,总结了合理城市形态优化策略,以期对大连高密度城区的城市规划和建筑设计提供一定的参考。此外,还从建设和维护我们的城市空间生存环境的角度出发,从包括政府、房地产开发商、设计人员等其他因素探讨了改善城市街谷空间环境的意见和建议,从而来建设我们共同的城市空间环境。
[Abstract]:The thermal environment of the street valley affects the microclimate of the spatial environment of the city street valley. Based on the summary of the research on the heat environment and the urban morphology of the opposite street valley, the paper establishes the research object of the urban form factors (including aspect ratio, building density, and so on). And the thermal environment evaluation index, WBGT and wind speed, the linear relationship between them has been found, and this is the premise. The model before and after the optimization of the measured area is analyzed by computer numerical simulation, and the cluster shape model of Dalian thermal environment is summarized through the discussion and analysis of the simulation results, and the conclusion of the paper is drawn. Chapter one: under the background of environmental problems such as environmental pollution, heat island effect and so on brought by high-density urban construction in China, the research and literature review of related fields at home and abroad are carried out. At the same time, the research significance and focus of this paper are summarized. Chapter two: through the analysis of the relationship between the shape of urban street valley and the thermal environment, we find out the latent law, and find out the factor of the street valley form that affects the thermal environment of the street valley. It provides a clear theoretical basis and guiding ideas for the next research on the typical street valley in Dalian. Chapter three: taking the high-density area of Zhongshan District of Dalian as the field test range, the typical four street valleys are selected as the measured street valleys, and the WBGTs, wind speed, solar radiation, surface temperature are carried out on the test points of the distribution of the four street valleys, respectively. The thermal environment parameters such as relative humidity and dry ball temperature were measured for 5 days. Chapter 4th: the validity of the measured data screening, SPSS and other software to collate and analyze the selected data, The results show that the shape of urban street valley in typical high-density urban area of Dalian has a certain influence on the thermal environment of street valley, and its urban shape control factor volume ratio, building density, height to width ratio, The influence of sky open degree on the thermal environment of street valley is different, and the law of influence and the linear regression equation are found respectively. Chapter 5th: on the basis of Chapter 4th, the shape of the measured district valley is optimized, and the thermal environment of the test area before and after the optimization is simulated and analyzed by CFD software PHOENICS, respectively. By comparing the simulation results before and after optimization, it is found that the heat environment of urban street canyons can be effectively improved by adjusting the urban morphology. At the same time, On the basis of discovering rules, this paper summarizes the urban morphology model of high density urban area in Dalian based on good thermal environment. Chapter 6th: through reviewing the whole research context, from the view of urban street valley thermal environment, summarizes the rational urban shape optimization strategy, in order to provide a certain reference for the urban planning and architectural design of Dalian high-density urban area. From the point of view of building and maintaining our living environment of urban space, and from other factors, including the government, real estate developers, designers and so on, this paper discusses the suggestions and suggestions for improving the spatial environment of urban streets and valleys. So as to build our common urban space environment.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984;TU119

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