基于风速比和空气龄的住宅小区风环境数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 14:09

本文选题：住宅小区　切入点：风环境　出处：《湖南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化进程的加快，有越来越多的人居住在城市中，且目前城市的居住形式以住宅小区为主，小区的室外环境状况直接关系到人们的生活质量，而室外风环境是评价室外环境状况的重要指标。室外风环境对人们在室外活动的安全性和舒适性有直接影响，并对建筑室内通风和能耗也有较大影响。住宅小区的室外风环境与小区所在地的地形地貌、当地风向、建筑布局形式、建筑密度、建筑容积率等因素有关。因此，对各因素对小区风环境的影响进行研究，以得到较好的风环境是很有必要的。对住宅小区室外风环境的研究方法主要有三种：现场实测、风洞试验、数值模拟。本文在总结前人研究成果的基础上，采用Fluent软件对住宅小区室外风环境进行研究，以小区的建筑布局形式、建筑密度、建筑容积率以及风向对室外风环境的影响为研究重点，以小区行人高度处的风速比和空气龄分布来评价小区室外风环境的优劣。本文对住宅小区常用的4种布局形式在主导风向下的风环境进行模拟分析，并以风速比和空气龄作为评价指标，得到了各种布局下的风环境状况。在此基础上，，以行列式布局为基础，研究了建筑密度和建筑容积率对小区室外风环境的影响，并得到了一些定性和定量的关系。论文最后对4种布局形式在不同风向下的风环境进行研究，并以风向与建筑主迎风面垂线的夹角来表征风向，得到了各种布局形式下风向与小区风环境的一些量化关系。本文的研究可以为住宅小区的规划设计提供参考，并起到指导作用。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization in our country, more and more people live in the city, and the residential area is the main form of living in the city. The outdoor environment of the residential area is directly related to people's quality of life. The outdoor wind environment is an important index to evaluate the outdoor environment condition. The outdoor wind environment has a direct impact on the safety and comfort of people's outdoor activities. The outdoor wind environment of residential district is related to the landform, local wind direction, building layout form, building density, building volume ratio and so on. It is necessary to study the influence of various factors on the wind environment in order to get a better wind environment. There are three main research methods for outdoor wind environment of residential district: field measurement, wind tunnel test, numerical simulation. Based on the previous research results, this paper uses Fluent software to study outdoor wind environment in residential area. The paper focuses on the influence of building layout, building density, building volume ratio and wind direction on the outdoor wind environment, and evaluates the outdoor wind environment by the ratio of wind speed at pedestrian height and the distribution of air age. This paper simulates and analyzes the wind environment under the dominant wind direction of four common layout forms in residential area, and takes wind speed ratio and air age as the evaluation index, and obtains the wind environment condition under various layout. Based on determinant layout, the influence of building density and building volume ratio on outdoor wind environment of residential area is studied, and some qualitative and quantitative relationships are obtained. The wind direction is characterized by the angle between the wind direction and the vertical line of the main upwind surface of the building, and some quantitative relations between the wind direction and the wind environment of the residential area under various layout forms are obtained. The research in this paper can provide a reference for the planning and design of the residential district. And play a guiding role.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU119

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