城市深度脱水污泥燃料化及制砖资源化技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 08:06

  本文选题：深度脱水污泥　切入点：深度脱水污泥砖　出处：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：国家环保部于2012年11月下发了（2012）157号文《关于加强城镇污水处理厂污泥污染防治工作的通知》，要求出厂污泥含水率＜50%。针对这一要求，国内部分污水处理厂对污泥脱水进行了板框压滤机深度脱水技术的升级改造，污泥由离心脱水污泥转变成深度脱水污泥。但目前对于深度脱水污泥资源化技术的研究还鲜有报道。 本文对深度脱水污泥的资源化技术开展了一系列研究，主要直接利用深度脱水污泥制备烧结砖、透水砖；将深度脱水污泥制备燃料颗粒，再利用燃料颗粒制备燃料颗粒保温砖，，并对砖的抗压强度、保温性能等进行表征，同时通过重金属浸出实验，进行安全性分析。结果如下： 随着深度脱水污泥掺量的增多，深度脱水污泥砖的烧失率、吸水率、孔隙率增大，但抗压强度减小。深度脱水污泥掺量为20%时，为砖体的最佳配比，其烧失率为15%；孔隙率为40%；抗压强度可达到33MPa。重金属浸出试验的测试结果表明在深度脱水污泥砖中的九种重金属达到《危险废弃物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别》（GB5085.3-2007）标准。 采用深度脱水污泥制备的生物质燃料颗粒，当污泥掺量由0%增加到100%时，燃料颗粒的热值由902kJ/kg增加到4514kJ/kg，且燃料颗粒可在1000℃时实现完全燃尽。 利用燃料颗粒制备的燃料颗粒保温砖，其烧失率、孔隙率、吸水率均随着燃料颗粒中污泥含量的增多而增大，而抗压强度则随着掺量的增多而减小。当污泥掺量为50%时，其烧失率、孔隙率、吸水率、抗压强度可达到《普通烧结砖》（GB5101-2003）标准，导热系数满足≤1.5W/(m2·K)的要求，可以达到《夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能设计标准》（JGJ134-2010）规定，具有良好的保温性能。冻融循环结果显示：经过25次冻融循环后，砖体的质量损失率为0.55%，强度损失率为14.21%，均达标。TCLP结果表明燃料颗粒砖的重金属达标。 采用Urea和Gravel作为造孔剂制备透水砖。对比发现Gravel具有更好的造孔性能。Gravel造孔剂添加量≤20%时，制备的透水砖抗压强度、透水系数均达标。且经冻融循环后，Gravel透水砖的强度损失≤20%。Gravel透水砖的重金属浸出结果达标。 通过经济技术评估和减排衡算，每生产100万块深度脱水污泥砖和燃料颗粒砖就能实现76000元的经济效应，同时分别减少2.203t和3.126t的二氧化硫排放。有效实现深度脱水污泥的资源化。
[Abstract]:In November 2012, the Ministry of Environmental Protection issued document No. 157 on strengthening the Prevention and Control of sludge pollution in Municipal sewage treatment plants, which requires that the moisture content of the sludge from the factory be less than 50. In view of this request, Some domestic sewage treatment plants have upgraded the deep dewatering technology of plate and frame filter press. Sludge is changed from centrifugal dewatered sludge to deep dewatered sludge, but there are few reports on the technology of deep dewatered sludge resource utilization. In this paper, a series of researches have been carried out on the recycling technology of deep dewatered sludge, which mainly uses deep dewatered sludge to prepare sintered brick and permeable brick, and to prepare fuel particles from deep dewatered sludge. The thermal insulation brick of fuel particle was prepared by using fuel particles. The compressive strength and thermal insulation property of the brick were characterized. The safety analysis was carried out through heavy metal leaching experiment. The results are as follows:. With the increase of the amount of deep dewatered sludge, the burning loss, water absorption and porosity of deep dewatered sludge brick increase, but the compressive strength decreases. Its burning loss rate is 15, porosity is 40 and compressive strength can reach 33 MPa. The results of heavy metal leaching test show that nine heavy metals in deep dewatered sludge brick meet the standard of "Hazardous waste Identification Standard leaching toxicity Identification" GB5085.3-2007). When the sludge content increased from 0% to 100%, the calorific value of the fuel particles increased from 902kJ/kg to 4514kJ / kg, and the fuel particles could be completely burned out at 1000 鈩

本文编号：1670695