建筑工程施工阶段成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 10:51

本文选题：施工阶段　切入点：成本控制　出处：《河北工程大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：成本控制贯穿于工程项目建设的全过程，其管理的好坏直接关系到工程项目的盈亏，它是工程全面管理的一个重要环节，，因此抓好工程的成本控制越来越被人们所重视。而建设工程施工阶段是工程建设全过程中资金投入最大的阶段，也是货币资金转化为建筑实体的关键阶段。建筑工程施工阶段的成本控制是指运用科学的成本控制理论和方法，在保证工程质量、工期的前提下，将项目成本始终控制在预定的目标范围内。研究工程项目施工阶段成本对完善投资体制改革、加强施工企业市场竞争力具有十分重要的现实意义。首先，论文在施工阶段成本控制的基本理论部分介绍了成本控制的相关概念和成本控制的流程，提出建设工程施工阶段成本控制的重要性。其次，本文重点介绍施工阶段成本控制中不可或缺的有效控制方法。主要阐述利用挣值分析法和GM(1,1)灰色预测法相结合的方法，及时找出工程施工过程中实际值与计划值的偏差，了解工程实际的施工状态。在项目施工阶段前期运用挣值分析法得到成本累计偏差率，有效分析实际偏离计划的程度和原因，进行针对性的处理和监控，使偏差逐渐缩小；在工程项目施工阶段中期，运用GM(1,1)灰色预测法对预测点以后紧邻工程的成本进行预测。结合邯郸市经济开发区某项目施工阶段的实际情况，进行施工过程中成本预测和偏差分析，找出实际值和计划值的偏差，采取相应措施，最终达到工程成本控制的目的。最后，提出项目成本控制的优化对策，在挣值原理的基础上建立成本控制预警系统，为施工过程进行预警控制，为进度与成本计划的调整提供依据；并提出成本费用控制、成本责任制及工程索赔等控制，建立系统的、有效的成本控制方法，最终达到建筑工程成本控制的目的。
[Abstract]:Cost control runs through the whole process of project construction, and its management is directly related to the profit and loss of the project. It is an important link in the overall management of the project. Therefore, people pay more and more attention to the cost control of the project. The cost control of construction stage refers to the application of scientific cost control theory and method to ensure the quality of the project and the construction period. It is of great practical significance to study the construction stage cost of engineering project to perfect the reform of investment system and strengthen the market competitiveness of construction enterprises. Firstly, in the basic theory of cost control in construction phase, the paper introduces the related concepts of cost control and the process of cost control, and points out the importance of cost control in construction stage. Secondly, this paper mainly introduces the effective control method in the construction stage cost control, mainly expounds the method of combining the earned value analysis method and the GM1 / 1) grey forecast method. To find out the deviation between the actual value and the planned value in the construction process in time, to understand the actual construction state of the project, to obtain the cumulative deviation rate of the cost by using earned value analysis method in the early stage of the project construction stage, and to effectively analyze the degree and reason of the actual deviation from the plan. To carry out targeted treatment and monitoring to reduce the deviation gradually; in the middle of the construction phase of the project, The cost of the adjacent project after the forecast point is forecasted by using the method of GMX1 / 1) grey forecast. Combined with the actual situation of a project in Handan Economic Development Zone, the cost prediction and deviation analysis in the construction process are carried out. The deviation between the actual value and the planned value is found out, and the corresponding measures are taken to achieve the purpose of project cost control. Finally, the optimization countermeasures of project cost control are put forward, and the cost control early warning system is established on the basis of earned value principle, which provides the basis for the adjustment of schedule and cost plan, and provides the basis for the adjustment of schedule and cost plan. The cost responsibility system and engineering claim control are established to establish a systematic and effective cost control method to achieve the purpose of construction engineering cost control.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU723.3

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