木兰科部分含笑属植物繁殖技术研究及园林应用

发布时间：2018-03-30 12:54

本文选题：含笑属　切入点：扦插　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：木兰科(Magnoliaceae)含笑属(Michelia)树种约有80余种,分布于亚洲热带、亚热带和温带地区。我国约有70种,主要产自西南至东南部,云南最多。含笑属树种大多是常绿乔木或灌木,树姿、叶形俱美,花香芬芳,花开如笑。它是材用、药用、油用等宝贵的林木种质资源,也是世界著名的观赏园林绿化树种,具有良好的开发前景。本文通过对含笑属植物进行综合研究及评价,从而达到加快城市园林绿化进程,丰富园林绿化树种的研究意义；同时为含笑属植物的引种驯化提供理论依据。本论文在总结已有研究成果的基础上,开展了部分含笑属植物的繁殖实验,进行了不同扦插基质、不同激素浓度、不同时期的插扦繁殖试验,以及不同季节、不同嫁接方式的嫁接试验。同时,对21种含笑属植物的生态习性,及中南林业科技大学校园内21种含笑属植物的分布以及生长情况进行了调查研究。 (1)利用不同基质对麻栗坡含笑进行插穗生根研究,研究表明珍珠岩基质对麻栗坡含笑插穗繁殖效果最好。生根率高低依次为珍珠岩(78.13%)珍珠岩+河沙(1：3)(62.50%)=泥炭土+珍珠岩(1：3)(62.50%)河沙(56.25%)。 (2)利用不同激素浓度对麻栗坡含笑进行插穗生根的影响,研究表明CK对照的效果最好,其生根率达到78.13%。 (3)利用不同基质对野含笑进行插穗生根的研究,研究表明泥炭土+珍珠岩(1：3)基质及珍珠岩基质对野含笑插穗繁殖效果最好。生根率高低依次为泥炭土+珍珠岩(1：3)(71.88%)=珍珠岩(71.88%)河沙(56.25%)珍珠岩+河沙(1：3)(43.75%)。基质为泥炭土+珍珠岩(1：3)、珍珠岩的生根率最高,经分析显著高于河沙、珍珠岩+河沙(1：3)的生根率。 (4)利用不同激素对野含笑插穗生根的影响,研究表明浓度为8000mg/L的K-IBA激素处理后,野含笑插穗繁殖效果最好。 (5)利用白玉兰做砧木对含笑属植物进行嫁接繁殖,不同季节嫁接的结果表明成活率相差最大的是石碌含笑,石碌含笑春季嫁接成活率为62%,秋季嫁接成活率为38%,相差高达24%；同一季节嫁接的结果表明金叶含笑利用白玉兰做砧木进行嫁接的成活率最高,春季达到72%,秋季达到61%。 (6)通过对21种含笑属植物生态习性的调查表明,含笑属树种是我国常绿阔叶林的重要组成树种。其花、叶、果俱美,有较高的观赏价值,并且对不良环境有一定的抗性和适应性。它们在绿化、美化环境,维持城市生态平衡等方面可起到重要作用,是具有广阔开发前景的园林绿化植物。
[Abstract]:There are more than 80 species of Michelia (Magnoliaceaeaceae), distributed in tropical, subtropical and temperate regions of Asia. There are about 70 species in China, mainly from southwest to southeast of China, and most of them are evergreen trees or shrubs, most of which are evergreen trees or shrubs. It is a valuable resource of wood germplasm, such as wood, medicine, oil and so on. It is also a world-famous ornamental and landscaping tree species. In this paper, the comprehensive research and evaluation of the genus Apocynum are carried out to speed up the process of urban garden greening and enrich the research significance of garden greening tree species. At the same time, it provides the theoretical basis for the introduction and domestication of the genus Comelia. On the basis of summing up the existing research results, this paper carried out some experiments of propagation of some species, carried out different cutting substrates and different concentrations of hormones. At the same time, the ecological habits of 21 species of the genus Hydophyllum were studied, and the experiments were carried out in different periods and different seasons and different ways of grafting. And the distribution and growth of 21 species of the genus Cynomorpha in the campus of Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology were investigated. The results showed that perlite matrix had the best reproductive effect on Malipo. The rooting rate was 78.13) perlite perlite perlite was 62.50% peat perlite perlite perlite 1: 132.50% perlite perlite perlite was 62.50% perlite perlite. (2) the effect of different hormone concentration on rooting was studied. The results showed that CK had the best effect, and the rooting rate of CK was 78.13%. 3) using different substrates to study cuttings rooting, The results show that the peat perlite 1: 3) matrix and perlite matrix have the best reproductive effect on wild smile cuttings. The rooting rate is in order of peat perlite perlite 1: 1: 71.88 + perlite = perlite 71.88) perlite) perlite sand 1: 3 + 43.75.The matrix is peat soil. Perlite has the highest rooting rate with 1: 3% perlite. The rooting rate of perlite sand was significantly higher than that of fluvial sand (1: 3). (4) the effect of different hormones on rooting was studied. The results showed that the effect of K-IBA on rooting was the best when the concentration of K-IBA was 8000mg/L. Using Magnolia Magnolia as rootstock for grafting propagation, the results of grafting in different seasons showed that the biggest difference in survival rate was in Shilu and Miao. The survival rate of grafting was 62% in spring and 38% in autumn, and the difference was as high as 24% in the same season. The result of grafting in the same season showed that the survival rate of Magnolia chinensis grafted on stock was the highest, which reached 72% in spring and 61% in autumn. (6) the investigation on ecological habits of 21 species of the genus Agaricus shows that it is an important component of evergreen broad-leaved forest in China, and its flowers, leaves and fruits are all beautiful and have high ornamental value. They can play an important role in greening, beautifying the environment and maintaining the ecological balance of the city.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU986;S688

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