火灾后钢结构的检测与鉴定研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 12:06

本文选题：钢结构　切入点：火灾　出处：《沈阳建筑大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：钢结构具有轻质高强、塑性韧性强,抗震性能优越,工业化装配程度高,施工周期短等优势,因此近年来普遍应用在工业厂房、大跨度结构、高层结构,但是由于火灾高温对钢结构的力学性能存在显著影响,制约了钢结构建筑在实际工程中的发展。因此,本文就对沈阳某大型钢结构厂房火灾后的钢结构损坏进行了检测和鉴定研究。通过对不同温度场下钢结构在材料性能的变化,及火灾的高温作用对结构可靠性影响的研究。为钢结构的抗火设计提供理论依据。也可供类似工程火灾后钢结构检测和鉴定提供参考。本文根据火灾后的钢结构检测鉴定,研究了钢结构火灾后检测和鉴定方法。主要有以下几个方面：(1)首先阅读大量有关于火灾后的钢结构性能研究的文献,列举近几年国内外出现火灾现象,说明了火灾灾害给社会以及人民带来的严重危害,研究了钢材力学性能检测、钢材的无损检测方法、火灾后钢结构构件的鉴定方法和构件抗火设计的方法。(2)对火灾后车间的主体钢结构进行检测,收集了关于车间在火灾后的钢结构构件的实测数据,描述了钢结构构件的变形以及破坏形态,通过现场残留物的特点来进行确定的并以绘制等温线图的方式进行表达,研究了火灾后材料强度的变化与构件的形变对结构构件的影响,并通过现场的勘察资料确定了火灾现场最高火场温度分布情况。(3)结合该钢结构厂房实际的建筑工程,根据现场的调查以及检测的相关数据,检测鉴定高温下构件的受损情况,对火灾后的钢结构按现行规范进行鉴定和评级。完成了结构材料力学性能鉴定、结构构件承载力鉴定、结构的变形鉴定和结构连接与构造鉴定。(4)根据总结的构件的鉴定资料,计算了火灾后构件的剩余承载能力,并对原结构中出现的问题构件给出了修复意见。最后对火灾后钢结构的分析与鉴定中需注意的问题做了探讨,强调火灾后钢结构的检测不能忽视的重点部位。本文仅以—具体工程特例研究了火灾后钢结构及其构件的检测和鉴定方法,但由于火灾后钢结构的复杂性与特殊性,又给研究者带来了研究上的困难性和不确定性。因此,对火灾后的钢结构的检测与鉴定研究中由许多问题仍需进一步的研究与探讨。
[Abstract]:Steel structures have the advantages of light and high strength, high ductility, excellent seismic performance, high degree of industrial assembly and short construction period. Therefore, steel structures have been widely used in industrial buildings, long-span structures and high-rise structures in recent years.However, due to the significant influence of fire temperature on the mechanical properties of steel structures, the development of steel structures in practical engineering is restricted.Therefore, the damage of steel structure after fire in a large steel structure factory building in Shenyang is studied in this paper.The change of material properties of steel structures under different temperature fields and the effect of high temperature of fire on the reliability of steel structures were studied.It provides theoretical basis for fire resistance design of steel structure.It can also be used as a reference for the detection and appraisal of steel structures in similar projects after fire.Based on the detection and identification of steel structures after fire, this paper studies the methods of detection and identification of steel structures after fire.First of all, read a large number of documents on the performance of steel structures after fire, enumerate the fire phenomena at home and abroad in recent years, and explain the serious harm that fire disasters bring to society and the people.The testing of mechanical properties of steel, the method of nondestructive testing of steel, the identification method of steel structure members after fire and the fire resistant design method of components are studied.The measured data of steel structure members after fire in workshop are collected, and the deformation and failure patterns of steel structure members are described. The data are determined by the characteristics of residues in the field and expressed by drawing the isotherm diagram.The change of material strength after fire and the influence of the deformation of the members on the structural members are studied, and the maximum fire site temperature distribution at the fire site is determined by the field investigation data.According to the field investigation and relevant data, the damage of components under high temperature was detected and the steel structure after fire was evaluated and rated according to the current code.The mechanical properties of structural materials, the bearing capacity of structural members, the deformation of structures and the structural connections and structures are evaluated. (4) the residual bearing capacity of the components after fire is calculated according to the identification data of the components summarized.At the same time, the repair advice is given for the existing problems in the original structure.Finally, the problems needing attention in the analysis and appraisal of steel structures after fire are discussed, and the key points which can not be ignored in the detection of steel structures after fire are emphasized.In this paper, the detection and identification methods of steel structures and their components after fire are studied only with specific engineering cases. However, due to the complexity and particularity of steel structures after fire, the research is difficult and uncertain.Therefore, many problems need to be further studied in the detection and identification of steel structures after fire.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU391;TU317

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