基于环境行为学的北京航空航天大学开放式校园空间改造

发布时间：2018-04-04 09:59

本文选题：大学校园　切入点：开放式校园　出处：《清华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：开放式大学校园是一种为了更好地将高校教学、文化、运动等各类资源向社会及社会人员进行开放与共享的校园规划手法及管理理念,也是大学校园发展的必然趋势。其目的是更好地实现资源的社会共享与知识的传播和交流。随着高等教育的理念日趋开放化、网络化,教育方式的多元化发展,原有封闭单向线性的灌输式教育模式将被逐步淘汰,原有那种追求刻板、严谨、雄伟,并且用围墙单独隔离的校园规划思想也逐渐遭到人们的质疑。高校文化学术需要与社会沟通,高校学生需要与社会融合,社会公众同样也希望走进学术殿堂。但学生与公众究竟需要怎样的平台进行交流,进行何种形式交流,这些都应从这些使用者的角度出发。因此,环境行为学便成了开放式校园改造与规划的有效手段。本文通过北京航空航天大学校园开放式改造项目引出研究问题,指出校园应该在服务本校师生,满足其日常生活学习需求的基础上,能够开放各项设施资源,将校门打开;同时能够传播校园历史文化,将社会人员吸引进来,从而达到学生与社会积极沟通,相互融合的目的。本文在简述大学校园空间发展历程及开放式校园形式过程的同时,对国内外实际案例进行分析,从中总结出相应结论,即西方大学的开放式校园体现于与城市相互融合的格局,而我国大学的开放式校园则是在形式封闭的基础上通过合理的管理手段进行开放。案例分析的基础上,笔者以校园规划的基本规范及环境行为学作为理论依据,对大学校园各要素进行走访观察,并以问卷的形式,对校园使用人群进行各方面调查与分析,从使用者的活动、感受入手,得出相对合理的校园空间布局思路,并结合学校历史文化的文献资料调查,最终建立传承校园历史与特色文化并注重场地内使用者行为与感受的校园规划理念。在以上研究成果的基础上,本文通过北京航空航天大学校园开放式改造项目进行实践研究,对北航校园的周边环境及自身特点进行解读,从人群使用需求与习惯及传承北航航空航天文化两方面开展规划设计,使原本封闭、毫无特色的北航校园成为既可有效分享资源又可突出特色吸引人群的开放式校园景观。最后,尝试对我国高校校园开放模式改造的校园景观设计进行展望,为进一步研究和实践提供依据和参考。
[Abstract]:Open university campus is a kind of campus planning method and management idea which can better open and share all kinds of resources such as teaching, culture, sports and so on to the society and social personnel, and it is also the inevitable trend of the development of university campus.Its aim is to better realize the social sharing of resources and the dissemination and exchange of knowledge.With the increasing openness of higher education, networking, and the diversified development of educational methods, the original closed one-way linear education model will be gradually eliminated, the original pursuit of rigid, rigorous, majestic,And the idea of separate campus planning with walls has gradually been questioned by people.Cultural and academic needs to communicate with society, college students need to be integrated with society, the public also wants to enter the academic palace.But what kind of platform students need to communicate with the public and what form of communication should be carried out from the perspective of these users.Therefore, environmental behavior has become an effective means of open campus reform and planning.This paper points out that the campus should open all kinds of facilities and open the doors on the basis of serving the teachers and students and meeting the needs of their daily life learning through the open reform project of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics.At the same time, it can spread the history and culture of the campus, attract the social personnel, so as to achieve the purpose of positive communication and mutual integration between students and society.In this paper, the development course of university campus space and the process of open campus form are briefly described. At the same time, the actual cases at home and abroad are analyzed, and the corresponding conclusions are drawn, that is, the pattern of integration between western universities and cities is reflected in open campus.On the basis of closed form, the open campus of universities in our country is open through reasonable management means.On the basis of case analysis, the author takes the basic norms of campus planning and environmental behavior as the theoretical basis to visit and observe the various elements of university campus, and to investigate and analyze the various aspects of campus users in the form of questionnaires.Starting from the activities and feelings of the users, we can get a relatively reasonable idea of the layout of campus space, and combine with the literature investigation of the school history and culture.Finally, the campus planning idea of inheriting the campus history and characteristic culture and paying attention to the behavior and feeling of the users in the site is established.On the basis of the above research results, through the Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics campus open reform project to carry on the practice research, to the Beihang campus peripheral environment and own characteristic carries on the interpretation,In order to make the closed campus become an open campus landscape which can not only share resources effectively but also highlight the characteristics to attract people, the planning and design are carried out from the aspects of crowd demand and habit and inheriting the aeronautics and astronautics culture of Beihang.Finally, this paper attempts to prospect the campus landscape design of the reform of the open mode of university campus in our country, which provides the basis and reference for further research and practice.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TU984.14

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