高烈度区多层钢结构房屋抗震性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:08

本文选题：钢框架结构 + 钢框架—支撑　；参考：《成都理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：截止2015年中国的人均居住面积10平方米以下的城市家庭达7000多万户,城市家庭住房面积低于20平方米的占7.8%,20-40平方米占32.7%,而城市流动人口住房条件就更差了。同时,与发达国家相比较,中国的房价偏高,这种偏高的价格对中低收入家庭来讲是巨大的压力。作为住宅产业化领域的新兴力量,钢结构住宅有其在工程造价和施工进度上的明显优势,钢结构住宅的学术研究和市场化讨论也越来越受到重视。钢结构住宅的主材为钢材,其优秀的材料强度和延性,以及便利的施工需求(施工进度快)和卓越的抗震性能。再加上能够可持续利用的特点,同时他的空间利用率高(构件尺寸小)等优势。本文选取一栋具有一定代表性的6层板式钢框架住宅,主体结构高度为20.1m,作为工程实例,该实例处于9度设防区域,属于高烈度区域。利用有限元程序分析采用钢框架方案下该住宅的地震响应,并与相同条件下的混凝土方案进行技术和经济比较。主要研究内容如下:1.通过有限元分析软件SAP2000先对该工程实例进行建模,并定义相关的材料特性、边界条件、荷载加载方式等选取适当工况。进行多种(静力分析、模态分析、反应谱分析等)模式下的抗震性能分析,对其在9度区地震作用下的工作性能、破坏机理、耗能方式进行讨论。2.根据上述分析结果,对纯钢框架方案、钢框架—支撑方案、钢框架—剪力墙方案进行抗震性能参数的比较。分析3种方案的结构受力特征,同时评价其适用范围和结构的优缺点。3.依据纯钢框架的有限元计算结果,分析对应的混凝土方案构件截面尺寸并进行尺寸的优化处理。再对比分析钢框架与混凝土方案的经济性能,从基础部分、主体造价、施工进度、内在价值等方面进行对比分析,并最终得出结论。综合上述研究内容,经过相应的数据处理过程,得到研究结论如下:1.对于三种类型的钢结构来讲,纯框架方案对于侧移能力的控制要显著弱于钢框架—支撑方案以及钢框架—剪力墙方案,原因就在于后两种方案分别增加了支撑构件和剪力墙等措施构件。因此,在烈度较大和建筑总高度过高地区,不宜采用纯框架结构体系。2.通过计算分析,钢框架—支撑和钢框架—剪力墙体系在控制层间位移曲线能力上比较平缓,要明显好于纯框架形式。但最大层间位移位置往往出现在顶部附近,这提示我们应当更加关注顶层位移控制,而不仅仅是承载力,可以说在强地震作用下对结构影响起决定性作用的一般是刚度和稳定性。3.钢框架—支撑体系由于支撑构件的加入,使得结构整体刚度增加,可有效降低整体侧移,但应引起注意的是支撑设置两端的柱体因此受到更大的荷载,在进行优化设计的时候,可适当加强。同时,支撑构件截面不宜设置过大,这是为了保证在耗能过程中优先消耗支撑构件屈服,保全梁柱后消耗。4、由于剪力墙的设置,使得钢框架—剪力墙体系能够在地震作用下对结构的整体位移控制和柱底剪力的分担作用最强。而随着楼层的增加,柱体受力及其他参数指标变化不大,整体曲线平滑,这使得在设计过程中对柱体的优化设计可减小截面面积且不用采用变截面。但需指出的是,剪力墙建造需进行湿作业,与前述2种结构完全干作业不同,需进一步进行施工和安装创新,以达到产业化的目的。5、在技术上对比钢筋混凝土结构的优势在于:钢结构方案总重量轻,自振周期长,轴压比控制更好。同时,由于钢结构良好的抗震性能也大幅度提高了建筑的安全性能。由于钢材本身强度高、刚度大,使得与相同条件下比较的混凝土体系的截面积要小,从而从客观上增加了房间的使用面积,提升了净空高度。6、在经济性上对比钢混结构方案的优势在于:钢结构项目一般多为工厂加工、现场进行安装,客观上施工周期较短,从而大幅度降低了企业资金周转压力,同时人工费用也可得到节约,这在讲究经济效益的今天,其优势大大优于混凝土方案。
[Abstract]:As of 2015 Chinese per capita living area of 10 square meters of the city by about 70000000 households, city family housing area less than 20 square meters accounted for 7.8%, 20-40 square meters accounted for 32.7%, while the city floating population housing conditions even worse. At the same time, compared with the developed countries, China's high prices, the high price it is a tremendous pressure on low-income families. As a new force of the field of the housing industry, the steel structure housing has its obvious advantages in the engineering cost and construction progress, academic research and market discussion of steel structure residential buildings are more and more attention. The steel structure housing advocate for steel, its excellent material strength and ductility, and convenient construction demand (fast construction progress) and excellent seismic performance. Coupled with the characteristics of sustainable utilization, and his high space utilization rate (components small size). Potential. This paper chooses a representative of the 6 type steel frame house, the height of the main structure is 20.1m, as an example, the instance is in the 9 degree seismic region, which belongs to the high earthquake intensity regions. By using the finite element analysis program using the seismic response of the steel frame residential plan, technical and economic comparison scheme and concrete under the same conditions. The main research contents are as follows: 1. through the finite element analysis software SAP2000 to the project of modeling, and the definition of material properties and the related boundary conditions, loading mode to select the appropriate working conditions. Various (static analysis, modal analysis, response spectrum analysis) seismic performance analysis model next, the failure mechanism of the work performance, 9 degree area under the action of earthquake, energy to discuss the.2. according to the above analysis result, the pure steel frame, steel frame braced steel frame scheme. Compare the seismic performance of the frame shear wall structure analysis scheme. 3 Schemes of the stress characteristic, and to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of.3. the scope and structure of the pure steel frame based on the finite element calculation results, analysis of the corresponding optimization scheme of concrete section member size and size. Then comparative analysis of the economic performance of steel the frame and the concrete scheme, from the basic part, the main construction cost, construction schedule, intrinsic value were analyzed, and the conclusion. Based on the above research content, after the corresponding data processing, the conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. for the three types of steel structure, the pure frame scheme for lateral capacity the control was significantly weaker than that of steel braced frame and steel frame shear wall, the reason lies in the latter two schemes were increased by the support member and the shear wall structure measures . therefore, the large intensity and total building height is too high, should not adopt the frame structure of.2. through the calculation and analysis of steel braced frame and steel frame shear wall system in the control layer displacement curve ability is relatively flat, much better than the pure frame form. But the interlayer displacement often occur near the top, suggesting that we should pay more attention to the top displacement control, rather than capacity, it can be said that in the role of strong earthquakes on the structural effects play a decisive role is the rigidity and stability of.3. steel braced frame system by adding to the support member, the structure of the overall stiffness is increased, which can effectively reduce the overall the side shift, but attention should be paid to the column is arranged at both ends of the load due to the larger, in the optimization design, can be properly strengthened. At the same time, the support member section should not be set too high, This is to ensure that in the course of energy consumption in the consumption priority support component yield, preservation of beam column after consumption of.4, because of the shear wall, the steel frame shear wall system can share the strongest effect on the structure of the whole control displacement and shear force at the bottom of the column under earthquake. With the increase of floor, column force and other parameters change, the overall smooth curves, which makes the design process optimization design of the column can reduce the cross-sectional area without using cross-section. But it must be pointed out that the shear wall construction for wet work, unlike the structure of 2 kinds of completely dry work, the need for further innovation of construction and installation in order to achieve the purpose of industrialization,.5, in technology compared with the reinforced concrete structure is that: the steel structure project total light weight, vibration cycle length, axial compression ratio control is better. At the same time, because of the good seismic steel structure The performance also greatly improve the safety performance of the building. The steel with high strength, high stiffness, and the sectional area of concrete system under the same conditions compared to small, and from the objective to increase the using area of the room, enhance the clearance height of.6, in terms of economic of steel and concrete structure scheme advantage: steel structure project for the general factory processing, on-site installation, the construction cycle is short, thus greatly reducing the corporate liquidity pressure, while labor costs can be saved, which pay attention to the economic benefits of today, its advantage is much better than the concrete scheme.

【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU391;TU352.11

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